The Successional Change of Hollow Oaks Affects their Suitability for an Inhabiting Beetle,<i>Osmoderma eremita</i>

Ranius, Thomas; Svensson, Glenn P.; Berg, N. van den; Niklasson, Mats; Larsson, Mattias C.

doi:10.5735/086.046.0305

Cited by 37 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…We combined a tree survey by the County Administration Board (Sandell 1999) with information from our own field survey to obtain data on the position and diameter for all oaks estimated to have large amounts of wood mould. A previous study revealed a strong positive correlation between wood mould volume and size of the entrance hole (Ranius et al 2009). Therefore, trees with entrance holes with diameters >10 cm were included unless, upon examining the hollow, we found the wood mould volume to be less than ca 2 litres.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A comparison of patch connectivity measures using data on invertebrates in hollow oaks

Ranius¹,

Johansson²,

Fahrig³

2010

Ecography

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This study aimed at comparing six patch connectivity measures by fitting them to field data. We used occupancy data for eight beetle and two pseudoscorpion species from 281 hollow oaks in southeast Sweden. Species occupancy was modelled in relation to tree characteristics and one measure of patch connectivity at a time. For each connectivity measure we searched for the spatial scale that generated the best fit to field data. Connectivity measures that only include occupied patches provided better model fits than those that include all patches. When occupancy data are absent for surrounding habitat patches, information that reflects occurrence probabilities can be included in the connectivity measure. However, in this study incorporation of such information resulted in only a slight improvement of model fit. A frequently used connectivity measure based on the negative exponential function was relatively poor in explaining species’ occurrence; for eight species out of nine a buffer measure was better. A better fit was obtained when the negative exponential function was modified to take into account that habitat patches may “compete” for the immigrants. The spatial scale with the best fit tended to be larger when we used connectivity measures in which dispersal sources are identified with lower precision. Thus, the outcomes from different multiple‐scale studies are not directly comparable if the density of dispersal sources is not measured in the same way. Overall we conclude that buffer measures are useful, as they give good predictions and are easy to understand and use. If a biologically more realistic measure is needed, one that up‐weights the closest patches should be used. Finally, the possibility that habitat patches may compete with each other for immigrants should be considered when selecting a connectivity measure.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A comparison of patch connectivity measures using data on invertebrates in hollow oaks

Ranius¹,

Johansson²,

Fahrig³

2010

Ecography

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“…It lives exclusively in hollow deciduous trees, in Sweden mainly oaks Quercus robur, primarily in trees with large amounts of wood mould (Ranius et al 2009), which is a mixture of loose, rotten wood, fragments of insects, fungi and old bird nests. After 2-3 years of development, a cocoon is formed.…”

Section: The Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Should I stay or should I go? Modelling dispersal strategies in saproxylic insects based on pheromone capture and radio telemetry: a case study on the threatened hermit beetle Osmoderma eremita

et al. 2011

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To predict how organisms cope with habitat fragmentation we must understand their dispersal biology, which can be notoriously difficult. We used a novel, multi-pronged approach to study dispersal strategies in the endangered saproxylic hermit beetle Osmoderma eremita, exploiting its pheromone system to intercept high numbers of dispersing individuals, which is not possible with other methods. Mark-release-recapture, using unbaited pitfall traps inside oak hollows and pheromone-baited funnel traps suspended from tree branches, was combined with radio telemetry (in females only) to record displacements. Dispersal, modelled as a probability distribution of net displacement, did not differ significantly between sexes (males versus females recaptured), observation methods (females recaptured versus radio-tracked), or sites of first capture (pitfall trap in tree versus pheromone trap -distance from original dispersal point unknown). A model including all observed individuals yielded a mean displacement of 82 m with 1% dispersing [ 1 km. Differences in body length were small between individuals captured in pitfall versus pheromone traps, indicating that dispersal is rarely a condition-dependent response in O. eremita. Individuals captured in pheromone traps were consistently lighter, indicating that most dispersal events occur relatively late in life, which agrees with trap catch data. In addition, most (79%) females captured in pheromone traps were mated, showing that females typically mate before leaving their natal tree. Our data show that integrating odour attractants into insect conservation biology provides a means to target dispersing individuals and could greatly improve our knowledge of dispersal biology in threatened species.

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“…Another shortcoming of existing studies is the short time frame (one or two seasons) used for sampling (Koch Widerberg et al, 2012;Ranius et al, 2010Ranius et al, ,2009bSverdrupThygeson et al, 2010). Long-term wood-living insect sampling designs are non-existent for hollow oaks, although there are examples from birch (Martikainen and Kaila, 2004) and mixed forests (Grove and Forster, 2011;Hjalten et al, 2012;Parmain et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The studies providing the most practical management advice have focused on only one (Ranius, 2002;Ranius et al, 2009b) or a few species (Vodka et al, 2009), which due to their restricted geographical distribution (such as Osmoderma eremita, a focus of research in Sweden but known from only one location in Norway) or specialist ecology makes it hard to generalize recommendations for a whole community. Another shortcoming of existing studies is the short time frame (one or two seasons) used for sampling (Koch Widerberg et al, 2012;Ranius et al, 2010Ranius et al, ,2009bSverdrupThygeson et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive forest management can also be proactive for wood-living beetles in hollow oak trees

Gough

Birkemoe

Sverdrup‐Thygeson

2014

Biological Conservation

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a b s t r a c tThe debate about whether proactive (focused on irreplaceable species) or reactive (focused on vulnerable species) conservation is more effective usually focuses on the global or multinational scale and knowledge of how these principles interact on-the-ground is lacking. Here we use the first long-term dataset on an entire oak-living beetle community in hollow oaks (Quercus spp.) to ask whether policy-driven conservation actions aimed at vulnerable species can also be proactive for unthreatened, but irreplaceable species. Hollow oaks are vital keystone structures that are rich in both vulnerable and irreplaceable wood-living beetles. We sampled in excess of 23,000 individuals from 307 species over four seasons, across the oak range in Norway. We assessed the importance of key environmental variables for vulnerable, irreplaceable and generalist species. We show that simple management actions taken to benefit vulnerable species in hollow trees could also contribute to preventing the decline of important, irreplaceable species. Clearing regrowth is predicted to increase vulnerable species richness by 75-100%, specialist richness by 65%, and to benefit two generalist species. Regrowth clearance is likely to be similarly beneficial in all oak-based habitats with hollow trees across Europe and North America. Increased oak circumference and local habitat quantity were also beneficial for species richness and influenced species composition. Based on this we provide advice for targeting conservation action. We suggest economic, carbon and recreational benefits of clearance that could increase the attractiveness of conservation for policy-makers. We show the importance of examining large-scale conservation planning principles at a local scale to elicit how they work on the ground where conservation actually happens.

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The Successional Change of Hollow Oaks Affects their Suitability for an Inhabiting Beetle,Osmoderma eremita

Cited by 37 publications

References 29 publications

A comparison of patch connectivity measures using data on invertebrates in hollow oaks

A comparison of patch connectivity measures using data on invertebrates in hollow oaks

Should I stay or should I go? Modelling dispersal strategies in saproxylic insects based on pheromone capture and radio telemetry: a case study on the threatened hermit beetle Osmoderma eremita

Reactive forest management can also be proactive for wood-living beetles in hollow oak trees

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