The SUCCESSO-TERRA Project: a Lesson of Sustainability from the Terramare Culture, Middle Bronze Age of the Po Plain (Northern Italy)

Cremaschi, Mauro; Mercuri, Anna Maria; Benatti, Alessandra; Bosi, Giovanna; Brandolini, Filippo; Clò, Eleonora; Florenzano, Assunta; Furia, Elisa; Mariani, Guido S.; Mazzanti, Marta; Montecchi, Maria Chiara; Rattighieri, Eleonora; Torri, Paola; Zerboni, Andrea

doi:10.24916/iansa.2018.2.8

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…There are suggestions that manuring and rotating arable and pastoral land use were elements of intensified agricultural production, though extensification is also evidenced through tree clearance between 1400 and 1150 (Cremaschi et al 2018;Dalla Longa et al 2019, p. 8). Population growth after 1500 BC may well "have been triggered by the introduction of new technologies such as the plough, crop rotation, stabling and the switch from fire-fallow cultivation to irrigated crops" (Palmisano et al 2021, p. 411).…”

Section: The Po Valleymentioning

confidence: 99%

Was There a 3.2 ka Crisis in Europe? A Critical Comparison of Climatic, Environmental, and Archaeological Evidence for Radical Change during the Bronze Age–Iron Age Transition

Molloy

2022

J Archaeol Res

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The globalizing connections that defined the European Bronze Age in the second millennium BC either ended or abruptly changed in the decades around 1200 BC. The impact of climate change at 3.2 ka on such social changes has been debated for the eastern Mediterranean. This paper extends this enquiry of shifting human–climate relationships during the later Bronze Age into Europe for the first time. There, climate data indicate that significant shifts occurred in hydroclimate and temperatures in various parts of Europe ca. 3.2 ka. To test potential societal impacts, I review and evaluate archaeological data from Ireland and Britain, the Nordic area, the Carpathian Basin, the Po Valley, and the Aegean region in parallel with paleoclimate data. I argue that 1200 BC was a turning point for many societies in Europe and that climate played an important role in shaping this. Although long-term trajectories of sociopolitical systems were paramount in defining how and when specific societies changed, climate change acted as a force multiplier that undermined societal resilience in the wake of initial social disjunctures. In this way, it shaped, often detrimentally, the reconfiguration of societies. By impacting more directly on social venues of political recovery, realignment, and reorganization, climate forces accentuate societal crises and, in some areas, sustained them to the point of sociopolitical collapse.

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Section: The Po Valleymentioning

confidence: 99%

Was There a 3.2 ka Crisis in Europe? A Critical Comparison of Climatic, Environmental, and Archaeological Evidence for Radical Change during the Bronze Age–Iron Age Transition

Molloy

2022

J Archaeol Res

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“…Advanced archaeopalynological analyses are needed for a better understanding of the grapevine evolution from wild, through intermediate to cultivated forms [ 26 , 108 , 112 ]. This field of research offers new eyes for an innovative archaeological interpretation of the data [ 99 , 113 , 114 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeobotanical and chemical investigations on wine amphorae from San Felice Circeo (Italy) shed light on grape beverages at the Roman time

Chassouant

Celant

Delpino³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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We hereby investigate the pitch used for coating three Roman amphorae from San Felice Circeo (Italy) through a multidisciplinary study. The identification of molecular biomarkers by gas chromatography—mass spectrometry is combined with archaeobotanical evidence of pollen and plant tissues of Vitis flowers. Diterpenic chemical markers together with Pinus pollen and wood revealed Pinaceae tar coating. Aporate 3-zonocolpate pollen, identified as Vitis, together with tartaric, malic and pyruvic acids elucidate the grape-fermented nature of the content. Our conclusions open new consideration on the use of grape derivatives that cannot be supported by traditional analytical methods. Based on the finds of aporate Vitis pollen, found also in local modern and Middle Pleistocene samples, we hypothesize the use of autochthonous vines. The presence of a medicinal wine (historically reported as oenanthium) is also considered. We interrogate Vitis pollen capacity to target grapevine domestication, thereby providing innovative tools to understand such an important process. We anticipate our study to encourage a more systematic multidisciplinary approach regarding the analyses of wine amphorae.

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“…sandstone and marl) and geomorphological slope processes are particularly prevalent 40 . Human occupation is well-documented since the mid-Holocene 41 , but a profound reorganisation of the rural environment appears to have taken place in the Medieval period (seventh-twelfth centuries CE) 42 .…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the impact of historic landscape change on soil erosion and degradation

Brandolini

Kinnaird

Srivastava

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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International policies and guidelines often highlight the divide between ‘nature’ and ‘heritage’ in landscape management, and the weakness of monodisciplinary approaches. This study argues that historic agricultural practices have played a key role in shaping today’s landscapes, creating a heritage which affords opportunities for more sustainable landscape management. The paper develops a new interdisciplinary approach with particular reference to soil loss and degradation over the long term. It presents innovative methods for assessing and modelling how pre-industrial agricultural features can mitigate soil erosion risk in response to current environmental conditions. Landscape archaeology data presented through Historic Landscape Characterisation are integrated in a GIS-RUSLE model to illustrate the impact of varying historic land-uses on soil erosion. The resulting analyses could be used to inform strategies for sustainable land resource planning.

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The SUCCESSO-TERRA Project: a Lesson of Sustainability from the Terramare Culture, Middle Bronze Age of the Po Plain (Northern Italy)

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Was There a 3.2 ka Crisis in Europe? A Critical Comparison of Climatic, Environmental, and Archaeological Evidence for Radical Change during the Bronze Age–Iron Age Transition

Was There a 3.2 ka Crisis in Europe? A Critical Comparison of Climatic, Environmental, and Archaeological Evidence for Radical Change during the Bronze Age–Iron Age Transition

Archaeobotanical and chemical investigations on wine amphorae from San Felice Circeo (Italy) shed light on grape beverages at the Roman time

Modelling the impact of historic landscape change on soil erosion and degradation

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