The Sulfation of Copper-Iron Sulfides with Concentrated Sulfuric Acid

Prater, John D.; Queneau, Paul B.; Hudson, T. J.

doi:10.1007/bf03355675

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Although the leaching of sulfide concentrates under oxidizing conditions in acid media has been widely studied (Forward and Vletman, 1959;Vizsolyi et al, 1967;Prater et al, 1970;Bjorlin, 1973), this leaching system has found only limited application in the hydrometallurgy of nickel sulfide concentrates, mainly because of lack of selectivity. In a search for a leaching system which would allow for easy isolation of the solubilized nickel, a multiphase system consisting of an aqueous slurry, an organic phase, and an oxygen gas phase, was investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of the leaching kinetics of pentlandite in a complex system by the shrinking core model

Boateng¹,

Phillips²

1984

Ind. Eng. Chem. Proc. Des. Dev.

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Nickel was leached from pentlandite concentrates in a complex system in which an organic phase containing bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid was added to the aqueous slurry, with oxygen u* pressure forming the gaseous phase. The shrinking core model was used to interpret the data, and the leaching rate was shown to be controlled by both chemical reaction and mass transfer processes. The relative importance of the ratecontrolling mechanisms varied over the duration of the leaching and to some extent with temperature. No direct dependence of the rate of leaching on the concentration of nickel in the solid phase was found. However, the rate was approximately first order with respect to oxygen pressure for the 377 to 791 kPa pressure range. Madsen, B. W.; Wadsworth, M. E.; roves, R. D. Trans. Soc. Min. Eng. A I M Perry, R. H.; Chllton, C. H. "Chemlcai Englneers' Handbook", 5th ed.; Szekeiy, J.; Themeiis. N. J. Wiley: New York, 1971; Chapter 17. Vlzsolyi, E. et al.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of the leaching kinetics of pentlandite in a complex system by the shrinking core model

Boateng¹,

Phillips²

1984

Ind. Eng. Chem. Proc. Des. Dev.

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“…CuFeS2 + 4 H2S04 = CUS04 +FeS04+2S0+2S02+4H20 10 Prater, et ale (24) have recently reported a study of the sulphation of various copper minerals using sulphuric acid. The Anaconda-Treadwell process, which is being piloted at Tucson, Arizona, employs this method to achieve sulphation of iron and copper in the concentrate.…”

Section: Direct Leaching Of Chalcopyritementioning

confidence: 98%

Review of the hydrometallurgy of chalcopyrite concentrates

Subramanian¹,

Jennings²

1972

Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly

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A critical appraisal has been made of methods that have been proposed for the hydro metallurgical treatment of chalcopyrite concentrates. Those methods in which the primary breakdown of chalcopyrite is effected by leachants are discussed. Methods in which leaching is preceded by pyrometal-' lurgical decomposition of the mineral include selective sulphation and nonoxidizing treatments in which the ratios of _copper, iron and~ulphur are changed. No process has yet been found that can replace conventional pyrometallurgical processing, although several have reached the pilot plant stage. The incentives for devising an eco_nomic hydrometallurgicalprocess for extracting copper fro~sulphide ores are the avoidance of air pollution and the possibility of recovering iron, elemental sulphur and other nonferrous metals. --'

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“…In view of the possible reactions that might occur during the sulfuric acid baking process, it is appropriate to see if the proposed reactions are thermodynamically favorable. To that end, a series of sulfuric acid baking reactions were proposed based on preliminary experimental results and also based on the results reported by Prater et al [14] The standard free energies of formation for the compounds involved in the reactions were obtained from HSC Chemistry Ò 5.1 software. Then, the standard free energies of reactions (DG r ) at 298 K and 473 K (25°C and 200°C) (the latter one being the typical baking temperature) were calculated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering H 2 S (g) as a reaction product, Reactions [7], [11], and [14] may be written. However, it is noted that none of these reactions is expected either at room temperature or at higher temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic Analysis of the Cu-As-S-(O) System Relevant to Sulfuric Acid Baking of Enargite at 473 K (200 °C)

Safarzadeh

Miller

Huang

2013

Metall Mater Trans B

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While the growing demand for copper has compelled the industry to adapt new technologies for the treatment of copper-arsenic (enargite) concentrates, the refractory nature of such concentrates combined with the troublesome presence of arsenic has created a major metallurgical and environmental challenge. Preliminary results of the acid bake-leach process at the University of Utah have shown some potential advantages for the treatment of enargite concentrates. While the transformation of enargite to copper sulfate, arsenolite, and elemental sulfur has already been established experimentally, thermodynamic evaluation of the sulfuric acid baking process provides further understanding which should be useful. In this article, the available thermodynamic data for the species involved in the Cu-As-S-O system are compiled. These data were used to calculate the phase stability (Kellogg) diagrams as well as equilibrium compositions at 473 K (200°C) using the STABCAL and HSC Chemistry Ò 5.1 software packages. The equilibrium composition calculations indicate that enargite can transform to copper sulfate either directly or through chalcocite and/or covellite. The major gaseous species during baking were found to be SO 2 and H 2 O. The results of the thermodynamic calculations were further compared with two confirmatory baking experiments involving a high-quality enargite sample. The condensed reaction products from sulfuric acid baking based on XRD results include CuSO 4 , As 2 O 3 , CuOAECuSO 4 , and S 8 under both neutral and oxidative conditions. While all these compounds were predicted through equilibrium calculations, some of the predicted compounds were not detected in the sulfuric acid-baked enargite. None of the calculations indicated any appreciable amounts of arsenic-bearing gases at the baking temperature of 473 K (200°C). Consistent with thermodynamic predictions, no H 2 S gas was detected during the sulfuric acid baking experiment. Approximately, 80 pct of the baked enargite samples were leached in water.

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The Sulfation of Copper-Iron Sulfides with Concentrated Sulfuric Acid

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Interpretation of the leaching kinetics of pentlandite in a complex system by the shrinking core model

Interpretation of the leaching kinetics of pentlandite in a complex system by the shrinking core model

Review of the hydrometallurgy of chalcopyrite concentrates

Thermodynamic Analysis of the Cu-As-S-(O) System Relevant to Sulfuric Acid Baking of Enargite at 473 K (200 °C)

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