The suppression of repetition enhancement: A review of fMRI studies

Abstract

a b s t r a c tRepetition suppression in fMRI studies is generally thought to underlie behavioural facilitation effects (i.e., priming) and it is often used to identify the neuronal representations associated with a stimulus. However, this pays little heed to the large number of repetition enhancement effects observed under similar conditions. In this review, we identify several cognitive variables biasing repetition effects in the BOLD response towards enhancement instead of suppression. These variables are stimulus recognition, learning, attention, expectation and explicit memory. We also evaluate which models can account for these repetition effects and come to the conclusion that there is no one single model that is able to embrace all repetition enhancement effects. Accumulation, novel network formation as well as predictive coding models can all explain subsets of repetition enhancement effects.

Short- and long-lasting consequences of novelty, deviance and surprise on brain and cognition

“…Several mechanisms have been invoked to explain why novel stimuli would elicit strong neural responses and familiar stimuli weaker ones. These include sharpening of representations with repeated presentation (which would reduce the population of neurons firing to familiar stimuli), predictive coding (in which predictions suppress firing for familiar, and thus predicted, stimuli), and a dominance of LTD over LTP in the first presentations of a stimulus, reducing neural responses (Bogacz and Brown, 2003;Meeter et al, 2005;Segaert et al, 2013). As yet it remains unclear to what extent these mechanisms underlie the brain's response to novelty.…”

Subjective Duration as a Signature of Coding Efficiency: Emerging Links Among Stimulus Repetition, Predictive Coding, and Cortical GABA Levels

“…Further, the magnitude of RS predicts the strength of a person's memory on a trial-by-trial basis (Maccotta & Buckner, 2004) and shows the involvement of different brain regions in distinct memory processes (Gonsalves et al, 2005). Although RS is not a perfect measure of neuronal coding (Sawamura et al, 2006), obtaining a more detailed understanding of RS is likely to shed light on the fundamental nature of human memory and cognition and is considered a key goal of cognitive neuroscience (Segaert et al, 2013). Various neural models have been proposed to explain how the RS observed with fMRI is related to the brain's electrical activity (Grill-Spector et al, 2006).…”

Syntactic priming and the lexical boost effect during sentence production and sentence comprehension: An fMRI study

“…In fMRI, syntactic priming manifests itself through adaptation. fMRI adaptation is a phenomenon whereby the BOLDresponse in areas sensitive to a stimulus property, for example a syntactic property, is reduced or enhanced when this stimulus property is repeated (Henson, 2003;Segaert, Weber, de Lange, Petersson, & Hagoort, 2013). Repetition suppression has been demonstrated for syntactic priming of sentence comprehension as well as production Noppeney & Price, 2004;Segaert et al, 2012;Weber & Indefrey, 2009).…”