The suppressive effect of the three-herb extract mixture on vascular and liver inflammation in atherogenic diet with high fructose-fed mice

Abstract

Context:Cynanchum wilfordii (Maximowicz) Hemsley (Apocynaceae), Arctium lappa L. var. rubescens Frivald (Asteraceae) and Dioscorea opposite Thunb (Dioscoreaceae) root extracts have been widely used as an alternative for intervening obesity.Objectives: The synergistic effect of three-herb mixture of C. wilfordii, A. lappa and D. opposita was determined on aortic and liver inflammatory responses.Materials and methods: CWE, ALE and DOE were prepared from the root of C. wilfordii, A. lappa and D. opposite by 70% ethanol extraction, respectively. CADE was prepared using a powder mixture of 2 CWE:1 ALE:1 DOE. C57BL/6 mice were fed an atherogenic diet combined with 10% fructose (ATHFR) in the presence of 200 mg/kg/day CWE, ALE, DOE or CADE for 8 weeks (each group, n = 6). Biochemical profiles, protein expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) on the aorta and liver were determined.Results: CADE could significantly suppress the protein expression of VCAM-1 in both the aorta and liver (80% reduction) compared to ATHFR-fed mice. Impairment of liver function was significantly ameliorated by CADE supplement, as determined by GOT (60% reduction) and GPT (51% reduction) levels.Conclusions: CADE should be considered when developing medications to suppress the vascular and liver inflammatory responses for individuals who are either non-responsive or resistant to lipid-lowering drugs.

Supplementation with Cynanchum wilfordii radix extract for 8 weeks lowers serum total cholesterol: A controlled, randomized, double‐blind clinical trial

“…A voucher specimen was deposited at the Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University (MPRBP00962). The roots (1 kg) were extracted with 70% ethanol (EtOH) (4 L) for 24 hr at 80°C as described (Koo et al, 2015; Song et al, 2018), filtered, then the EtOH was evaporated using a vacuum rotary evaporator. The remaining extract (100 g) was suspended in H 2 O (0.9 L), then successively extracted three times each with 0.9 L of n‐hexane, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and n‐butanol (n‐BuOH).…”

Therapeutic Value of Arctium Lappa Linn. – A Review

“…Arctigenin (ATG) was able to ameliorate LPS-induced inflammation through accumulating myeloidderived suppressor cells (MDSCs), especially granulocytic MDSCs, and enhancing the immunosuppressive function of MDSCs in vivo and in vitro [4]. It was found to significantly suppress the protein expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 in both the aorta and liver (80% reduction) compared to ATHFR-fed mice [5]. Crude polysaccharide fraction (SAA) resulting from aqueous extraction of AL leaves showed a dosedependent anti-edematogenic activity on carrageenan-induced paw edema, which persisted for up to 48 h [6].…”

“…Crude polysaccharide fraction (SAA) resulting from aqueous extraction of AL leaves showed a dosedependent anti-edematogenic activity on carrageenan-induced paw edema, which persisted for up to 48 h [6]. Arctiidilactone (1), a novel rare butyrolactone lignan with a 6-carboxyl-2-pyrone moiety and 11 new butyrolactone lignans (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12) were isolated from the fruits of AL L., exhibited stronger anti-inflammatory effects than the positive control curcumin [7]. Upregulated NFE2L2.…”

Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight., Cynanchum bungei Decne. and Cynanchum wilfordii (Maxim.) Hemsl.: Current Research and Prospects

“…It is worth noting that their application is not limited to individual species; as a matter of fact, they could be available to combine with other herbs to effectively treat common diseases. For instance, CW combined with Arctium lappa L. (Compositae) and Dioscorea opposite Thunb (Dioscoreaceae) were revealed to exhibit a potent suppressive effect on vascular and hepatic inflammation in mice fed a high fructose diet [ 11 ].…”