Competing electronic interactions can be used to tune materials into different phases with
interesting and sometimes exotic properties, ranging from magnetic long-range order to
superconductivity. Such electronic interactions are particularly pronounced in
low-dimensional systems, where electronic correlation is enhanced. On surfaces, the
electronic states are easily accessible for manipulation by doping, adsorption or quantum
confinement. A deliberate shift of the Fermi surface of 2D or 1D electron states can have a
significant influence on chemical activity, adsorbate–adsorbate interactions, surface
diffusion etc. More strikingly, it may drive phase transitions and can perhaps be used to
realize Peierls-distorted, magnetically ordered and even superconducting phases in two
dimensions. Using the Br/Pt(110) system as a case study, the possibility and the problems
of a (quasi)continuous variation of a Peierls phase by Fermi surface tuning are examined.