The surface energy budget and evapotranspiration in the Tanggula region on the Tibetan Plateau

Yao, Jimin; Zhao, Lin; Ding, Yongjian; Gu, Lianglei; Jiao, Keqin; Qiao, Yongping; Wang, Yinxue

doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2007.04.001

Cited by 50 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Several atmosphereland interaction experiments have been conducted on the Tibetan Plateau in recent years (Ma et al, , 2009Tanaka et al, 2001Tanaka et al, , 2003. Those scientific experiments have resulted in much progress regarding the understanding of the surface energy and water budget, regional evaporative fraction, the seasonal variability of soil moisture distributions, atmospheric chemistry, and climatic change (Ma and Tsukamoto, 2002;Hirose et al, 2002;Tanaka et al, 2001Tanaka et al, , 2003Li et al, 2007;Yao et al, 2008Yao et al, , 2011Yu et al, 2008;Cong et al, 2009;Ma et al, 2009Ma et al, , 2012Zheng et al, 2010;Xue et al, 2013;Ma et al, 2014). However, those studies have been limited to the investigation of differences in the surface energy budget between the seasonally frozen ground region and the permafrost region of the Tibetan Plateau.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparison of the surface energy budget between regions of seasonally frozen ground and permafrost on the Tibetan Plateau

Yao

et al. 2015

Atmospheric Research

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparison of the surface energy budget between regions of seasonally frozen ground and permafrost on the Tibetan Plateau

Yao

et al. 2015

Atmospheric Research

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“…Previous research has investigated the diurnal, seasonal and annual variation of the SEB at stations over various land cover types in the TP, including grassland (Y. Ma et al, 2003;Tanaka et al, 2003;Liu et al, 2009;Bian et al, 2012), meadow (Gu et al, 2005;Yao et al, 2008Yao et al, , 2011, and glacial and alpine areas (Zou et al, 2009;Yang et al, 2011c;Chen et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2013). Advanced methods have been developed to retrieve SEB from improved parameterization of routine meteorological observations (Yang et al, 2002(Yang et al, , 2003Chen et al, 2010Chen et al, , 2013bGuo et al, 2011b;Lee et al, 2012) satellite observations (Y.…”

Section: Q Shi and S Liang: Surface Sensible And Latent Heat Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface-sensible and latent heat fluxes over the Tibetan Plateau from ground measurements, reanalysis, and satellite data

Shi

Liang

2014

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Estimations from meteorological stations over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) indicate that since the 1980s the surface-sensible heat flux has been decreasing continuously, and modeling studies suggest that such changes are likely linked to the weakening of the East Asian Monsoon through exciting Rossby wave trains. However, the spatial and temporal variations in the surface-sensible and latent heat fluxes over the entire TP remain unknown. This study aims to characterize the spatial and seasonal variability of the surfacesensible and latent heat fluxes at 0.5 • over the TP from 1984 to 2007 by synthesizing multiple data sources including ground measurements, reanalysis products, and remotesensing products. The root mean square errors (RMSEs) from cross validation are 14.3 Wm −2 and 10.3 Wm −2 for the monthly fused sensible and latent heat fluxes, respectively. The fused sensible and latent heat-flux anomalies are consistent with those estimated from meteorological stations, and the uncertainties of the fused data are also discussed. The associations among the fused sensible and latent heat fluxes and the related surface anomalies such as mean temperature, temperature range, snow cover, and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in addition to atmospheric anomalies such as cloud cover and water vapor show seasonal dependence, suggest that the land-biosphere-atmosphere interactions over the TP could display nonuniform feedbacks to the climate changes. It would be interesting to disentangle the drivers and responses of the surface-sensible and latent heat-flux anomalies over the TP in future research from evidences of modeling results.

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“…In the wet season, variation was between 1.6 and 4.5 mm day -1 , averaging 3.1 mm day -1 (Figure 5 A Montenegro et al (2008), who reported Kc values of between 0.60 and 1.05. Energy balance closure is an important criterion for evaluating the quality of measured heat flux data from EC systems (Yao et al, 2008). Various studies have shown that this balance typically does not close (Verma et al, 1986;, and the possible reasons can be: sampling error, instrument error, losses of high and low frequencies, ignoring some energy items and advection (Yao et al, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Energy balance closure is an important criterion for evaluating the quality of measured heat flux data from EC systems (Yao et al, 2008). Various studies have shown that this balance typically does not close (Verma et al, 1986;, and the possible reasons can be: sampling error, instrument error, losses of high and low frequencies, ignoring some energy items and advection (Yao et al, 2008). During the dry season, the energy balance closure varied between 0.79 and 1.05 with a mean of 0.93, which can be considered a good result (Figure 6 A).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy balance measurements over a banana orchard in the Semiarid region in the Northeast of Brazil

Santos

Silva

Rão

et al. 2009

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the reliability of eddy covariance measurements, analyzing the energy balance components, evapotranspiration and energy balance closure in dry and wet growing seasons, in a banana orchard. The experiment was carried out at a farm located within the irrigation district of Quixeré, in the Lower Jaguaribe basin, in Ceará state, Brazil. An eddy covariance system was used to measure the turbulent flux. An automatic weather station was installed in a grass field to obtain the reference evapotranspiration (ET 0 ) from the combined FAO-Penman-Monteith method. Wind speed and vapor pressure deficit are the most important variables on the evaporative process in both growing seasons. In the dry season, the heat fluxes have a similar order of magnitude, and during the wet season the latent heat flux is the largest. The eddy covariance system had acceptable reliability in measuring heat flux, with actual evapotranspiration results comparing well with those obtained by using the water balance method. The energy balance closure had good results for the study area, with mean values of 0.93 and 0.86 for the dry and wet growing seasons respectively.Index terms: Musa, dry season, eddy covariance, latent heat flux, sensible heat flux, wet season. Medidas do balanço de energia sobre pomar de bananeira na região Semiárida do Nordeste do BrasilResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a confiabilidade da técnica das correlações turbulentas, analisando as componentes do balanço de energia, a evapotranspiração e o fechamento do balanço de energia nas estações de crescimento seca e úmida, na cultura da banana. O experimento foi realizado em uma fazenda localizada no distrito irrigado de Quixeré, na Bacia do Baixo Jaguaribe, Ceará. Foi utilizado um sistema de correlações turbulentas na obtenção das medidas dos fluxos turbulentos. Uma estação meteorológica automática foi instalada em um gramado para a obtenção da evapotranspiração de referência (ET 0 ) pelo método FAO-Penman-Monteith. A velocidade do vento e o deficit de pressão do vapor são as variáveis mais importantes no processo evaporativo em ambas as estações. Na estação seca, os fluxos de calor têm ordens de magnitude similares, enquanto na estação úmida o calor latente é superior. O sistema de correlações turbulentas apresentou confiança aceitável na obtenção dos fluxos de calor, com a evapotranspiração real mostrando valores similares aos obtidos pelo método do balanço hídrico. O fechamento do balanço de energia apresentou bons resultados para a área de estudo, com valores médios de 0,93 e 0,86 para as estações seca e chuvosa, respectivamente.Termos para indexação: Musa, estação chuvosa, correlações turbulentas, calor latente, calor sensível, estação seca.

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The surface energy budget and evapotranspiration in the Tanggula region on the Tibetan Plateau

Cited by 50 publications

References 22 publications

Comparison of the surface energy budget between regions of seasonally frozen ground and permafrost on the Tibetan Plateau

Comparison of the surface energy budget between regions of seasonally frozen ground and permafrost on the Tibetan Plateau

Surface-sensible and latent heat fluxes over the Tibetan Plateau from ground measurements, reanalysis, and satellite data

Energy balance measurements over a banana orchard in the Semiarid region in the Northeast of Brazil

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