The surface heat flow of the Arabian Shield in Jordan

Förster, Andrea; Förster, Hans‐Jürgen; Masarweh, R.; Masri, Ahmed; Tarawneh, Khalid

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2006.09.002

Cited by 34 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…At the current position of the study area, at the rift flank farther inland and offset northward, we estimate heat flow to be somewhat lower. An average heat flow (q s ) of 60±3 mW/m 2 has been reported recently for southern Jordan [ Förster et al ., , ], implying a geothermal gradient ~20–25°C/km, which is somewhat higher than inferred from the AFT modeling for the Oligocene to present time (Figures and and Table ). Thus, although our data do not allow an absolute conclusion, variations in heat flow/geothermal gradient are unlikely to have been the mechanism for the Oligocene heating or the subsequent cooling inferred from the AFT T‐t models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uplift and denudation history of the eastern Dead Sea rift flank, SW Jordan: Evidence from apatite fission track thermochronometry

et al. 2013

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The Dead Sea rift (DSR), developed along the Dead Sea transform plate boundary, is characterized by salient flanks and morphotectonic asymmetry. Apatite fission track thermochronology (AFT) along ~1200 m high vertical profiles in Neoproterozoic basement and overlying Cambrian sandstone in southwestern Jordan is used to reconstruct timing, magnitude, and rate of uplift and denudation of the eastern DSR flank and examine its relationship to rift development and its flank landscape. Time‐temperature models based on AFT data suggest three major Phanerozoic heating and cooling episodes, Late Paleozoic, Early Cretaceous, and Oligocene. The latest episode, on which this study focuses, indicates uplift of ~3.8±0.3 km under a moderate paleogeothermal gradient. About 40% of the uplift was tectonically driven with the remainder attributed to isostatic rebound in response to denudation and erosion. Models suggest that uplift commenced in the Oligocene with a considerable part occurring prior to development of the DSR, despite being ~200 km from the Red Sea‐Gulf of Suez rift margin. Uplift is probably part of a regional rearrangement along the western Arabian platform margin occurring at the time of Red Sea rift initiation. Transition from primarily sedimentary layer stripping, most likely by scarp retreat, to one of dominantly incision of the underlying crystalline basement occurred in Late Miocene‐Pliocene time following enhanced subsidence and development of a low base level in the DSR. Consequently, the magnitude of uplift by isostatic rebound due to incision exceeded lowering by surface truncation and increased summit elevation and riftward flexing of the flank.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uplift and denudation history of the eastern Dead Sea rift flank, SW Jordan: Evidence from apatite fission track thermochronometry

et al. 2013

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“…Förster 2004, R. Oberhänsli, 2004, personal communication). Although the surface heat flow in Jordan revealed that the steady‐state Phanerozoic geotherm may be hotter than previously thought, the thermal signal from the relatively young geological processes may not yet have reached the surface to produce a significant heat flow signal (Förster et al 2007). This allows for the possibility that the mantle has been altered enough to produce a seismic signal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present‐day relative plate motion (white arrows) is about 5 mm yr −1 . Blue crosses mark locations of measured conductive surface heat flow (Galanis et al 1986; Förster et al 2007). The white dashed line approximately marks the Dead Sea Transform boundary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithosphere structure across the Dead Sea Transform as constrained by Rayleigh waves observed during the DESERT experiment

Laske

Weber

2008

Geophysical Journal International

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S U M M A R YThe interdisciplinary Dead Sea Rift Transect (DESERT) project that was conducted in Israel, the Palestine Territories and Jordan has provided a rich palette of data sets to examine the crust and uppermost mantle beneath one of Earth's most prominent fault systems, the Dead Sea Transform (DST). As part of the passive seismic component, thirty broad-band sensors were deployed in 2000 across the DST for roughly one year. During this deployment, we recorded 115 teleseismic earthquakes that are suitable for a fundamental mode Rayleigh wave analysis at intermediate periods (35-150 s). Our initial analysis reveals overall shear velocities that are reduced by up to 4 per cent with respect to reference Earth model PREM. To the west of the DST, we find a seismically relatively fast but thin lid that is about 80 km thick. Towards the east, shallow seismic velocities are low while a deeper low velocity zone is not detected. This contradicts the currently favoured thermomechanical model for the DST that predicts lithospheric thinning through mechanical erosion by an intruding plume from the Red Sea. On the other hand, our current results are somewhat inconclusive regarding asthenosphere velocities east of the DST due to the band limitation of the recording equipment in Jordan.

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“…Pollack et al 1993;Förster et al 2007;Lucazeau et al 2010;Rolandone et al 2013). A total of three heat flow sites were available in the study region located over 100 km far from the selected profiles and therefore, thus we are not considering surface heat flow as a constraint in our modelling.…”

Section: Global Data Setsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithospheric mantle heterogeneities beneath the Zagros Mountains and the Iranian Plateau: a petrological-geophysical study

Tunini¹,

Jiménez‐Munt²,

Fernàndez³

et al. 2014

Geophysical Journal International

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S U M M A R YWe apply a combined geophysical-petrological methodology in order to study the thermal, compositional, density and seismological structure of the crust and upper mantle along two transects across the Arabia-Eurasia collision region. Results on the crustal thickness show minimum values beneath the Arabia Platform and Central Iran (42-43 km), and maximum values beneath the Sanandaj Sirjan zone (SSZ; 55-63 km), in agreement with seismic data. Major discrepancies in Moho depth from those derived from seismic data are locally found in the SSZ (central Zagros) and Alborz Mountains where more moderate crustal thicknesses are modelled. Results on the lithosphere thickness indicate that the Arabian lithosphere is ∼220 km thick along both profiles, whereas Eurasian lithosphere is up to ∼90 km thinner, especially below the Central Iran and Alborz Mountains. The lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) shows different geometries between the two transects. In the northern profile (northern Zagros), the LAB rises sharply below the SSZ in a narrow region of ∼90 km, whereas in the southern profile (central Zagros), rising occurs in wider region, from the Zagros fold-and-thrust belt (ZFTB) to the SSZ. The best fit of seismic velocities (Vp, Vs) and densities requires lateral changes in the lithospheric mantle composition. Our results are compatible with Proterozoic peridotitic mantle compositions beneath the Arabian Platform, Mesopotamian Foreland Basin and the accreted terrains of Eurasia Plate, and with a more depleted Phanerozoic harzburgitictype mantle composition below the ZFTB and imbricated zone.

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The surface heat flow of the Arabian Shield in Jordan

Cited by 34 publications

References 37 publications

Uplift and denudation history of the eastern Dead Sea rift flank, SW Jordan: Evidence from apatite fission track thermochronometry

Uplift and denudation history of the eastern Dead Sea rift flank, SW Jordan: Evidence from apatite fission track thermochronometry

Lithosphere structure across the Dead Sea Transform as constrained by Rayleigh waves observed during the DESERT experiment

Lithospheric mantle heterogeneities beneath the Zagros Mountains and the Iranian Plateau: a petrological-geophysical study

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