The Surface Tension of Molten Mixtures Containing Cryolite. I. The Binary Systems Cryolite--Alumina and Cryolite--Calcium Fluoride.

Bratland, D.; Ferro, C.M.; Østvold, Terje; Høiland, Harald; Powell, D. L.; Suchi, R.

doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.37a-0487

Cited by 11 publications

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“…Both sets of results agree to within 0.3 % in the temperature range studied. In the case of IFT measurements, Fan and Østvold have reported 53,54 even better relative standard deviation: 0.2 % (IFT measurements between molten cryolite and liquid aluminum).…”

Section: Direct Measurements Using a Balancementioning

confidence: 97%

“…The technique was introduced by Janz and Lorenz , to measure simultaneously the surface tension and density of molten alkali nitrates and carbonates and has been later used by Morris et al for molten molybdates. The technique was improved by Lillebuen and used by Brantland et al and Fernandes et al The essential apparatus was described by Brantland et al The method was later adopted by Fan and Østvold on IFT measurements in the system liquid aluminum/cryolite melts. A serious problem was that TiB 2 tends to react with aluminum to form aluminum carbide and starts to dissolve, thereby changing the properties of the metal.…”

Section: Direct Measurements Using a Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of Interfacial Tension in Liquid−Liquid High-Temperature Systems

Korenko

Šimko

2010

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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The present paper is an attempt to critically review the relevant techniques for the laboratory measurement of interfacial tension of high-temperature liquid−liquid systems, mostly linked with metallurgy and pyrochemistry. Even if the present paper is preferably devoted to interfacial high-temperature measurements, the same information concerning surface tension will be implicitly provided, as well. There will be no report of the techniques related to dynamic interfacial tension, measurements of ultralow interfacial tension, and the techniques used in microtensiometry and nanotensiometry. These methods (often call nonclassical techniques) are very hard to employ at high temperature, even if they could be in general used at these conditions.

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Section: Direct Measurements Using a Balancementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Direct Measurements Using a Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Interfacial Tension in Liquid−Liquid High-Temperature Systems

Korenko

Šimko

2010

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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“…Measurements of the liquid surface tension of cryolite/ alumina melts found in the literature [16,17] show that the liquid surface tension decreases when the alumina content increases. For an alumina concentration in the 0.4-12 wt.% range and for temperatures between 1000 and 1100°C, the liquid surface tension c can be expressed, in mN m )1 , as [17]:…”

Section: Wettability On Pure Graphite Substratementioning

confidence: 97%

Influence of oxide dopants on the wetting of doped graphite by cryolite/alumina melts

et al. 2005

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In the aluminium smelting industry, the wetting of the electrolyte on the carbon anode is an important property associated with the onset of the anode effect. The effect of dopants on the wettability of the anode was investigated in this study. The carbon material selected was graphite. The composition of the cryolite/alumina melts varied between a very low alumina content and 6 wt.% alumina. The sessile drop approach was adopted to measure the contact angle between the melt and the graphite at 1030°C. The influence of oxide dopants, chromium III oxide and alumina, in the graphite on the wettability was studied. The wettability on a pure graphite surface depends to a small extent on the liquid surface tension but mostly on the liquid-solid interfacial tension that varies with the concentration of alumina in the liquid. The wettability on an oxide doped graphite surface depends on the dissolution of the oxide in the melt that changes the liquid-solid interfacial tension. The alumina dissolution has a double effect on the liquid-solid interfacial tension: the chemical reaction as well as the change in the oxy-anions concentration at the interface decrease the interfacial tension.

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Mathematical Model of Fluoride Evolution from Hall‐Héroult Cells

Haupin¹,

Kvande²

2013

Essential Readings in Light Metals

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The Surface Tension of Molten Mixtures Containing Cryolite. I. The Binary Systems Cryolite--Alumina and Cryolite--Calcium Fluoride.

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Measurement of Interfacial Tension in Liquid−Liquid High-Temperature Systems

Measurement of Interfacial Tension in Liquid−Liquid High-Temperature Systems

Influence of oxide dopants on the wetting of doped graphite by cryolite/alumina melts

Mathematical Model of Fluoride Evolution from Hall‐Héroult Cells

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