The Surface Tension of Solutions of Electrolytes as a Function of the Concentration. III. Sodium Chloride

Jones, Grinnell; Ray, Wendell A.

doi:10.1021/ja01857a007

Cited by 83 publications

(84 citation statements)

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“…In order to estimate the magnitude of q, we shall use the experimental result that typically b 0 can take values in the range from b 0 ∼ −10 −3 N=ðm × MÞ (M denotes mol/liter) for simple inorganic salts in water [38], up to b 0 ∼ 10 2 N=ðm × MÞ for dilute solutions of surfactants (i.e., far from their critical micelle concentrations) [39]. We consider two distinct setups of potential experimental relevance.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effective Interaction between Active Colloids and Fluid Interfaces Induced by Marangoni Flows

et al. 2016

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We show theoretically that near a fluid-fluid interface a single active colloidal particle generating, e.g., chemicals or a temperature gradient experiences an effective force of hydrodynamic origin. This force is due to the fluid flow driven by Marangoni stresses induced by the activity of the particle; it decays very slowly with the distance from the interface, and can be attractive or repulsive depending on how the activity modifies the surface tension. We show that, for typical systems, this interaction can dominate the dynamics of the particle as compared to Brownian motion, dispersion forces, or self-phoretic effects. In the attractive case, the interaction promotes the self-assembly of particles into a crystal-like monolayer at the interface. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.078301 Significant attention has been paid lately to micrometer sized particles capable of self-induced motility [1][2][3]. They are seen as promising candidates for novel techniques in chemical sensing [4] or water treatment [5]. The motion of active colloidal particles has been the subject of numerous experimental [1][2][3]6,7] and theoretical [8][9][10][11][12] studies. One realization is a particle with a catalytic surface promoting a chemical reaction in the surrounding solution [13]. For an axisymmetric particle lacking fore-and-aft symmetry, the distributions of reactant and product molecules may become nonuniform along its surface and the particle could move due to self-induced phoresis [14]. If the particle is spherically symmetric, it will remain immobile in bulk solution but can be set into motion by the vicinity of walls or other particles (not necessarily active) which break the spherical symmetry [10,[13][14][15][16].A relevant case corresponds to the movement of active particles bounded by a fluid-fluid interface. This situation raises new issues, in particular if the reactants or the products have a significant effect on the properties of the fluid interface implying tensioactivity. For example, it has been recently predicted that catalytically active, spherical particles which are trapped at the interface may be set into motion along the interface by Marangoni flows, selfinduced via the spatially nonuniform distribution of tensioactive molecules [17][18][19]. (A similar motility mechanism can originate from thermally induced Marangoni flows if, e.g., the particle contains a metal cap which is heated by a laser beam [20].) Furthermore, self-induced Marangoni flows, combined with a mechanism of triggering spontaneous symmetry breaking, have also been used to develop self-propelled droplets [21][22][23].However, another category of experimental situations occurs if the particles are not trapped at the interface but may reside in the vicinity of the interface or get near it during their motion. In this study we provide theoretical evidence that such catalytically active or locally heated spherical particles, although immobile in bulk, experience a very strong, long-ranged effective force field due to the Marangoni stresses...

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confidence: 99%

Effective Interaction between Active Colloids and Fluid Interfaces Induced by Marangoni Flows

et al. 2016

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“…In this equation, s γ is an apparent molar entropy change, a β and a α are molecular areas (in square nanometers, the superscripts β and α refer phase states), π eq is the transition pressure from the α phase to the β phase, and γ 0 is the surface tension of the substrate (29). a β and a α are estimated as follows.…”

Section: Apparent Molar Quantity Changes On the Phase Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed Langmuir Monolayer of N-(1,1-Dihydroperfluorododecyl)-N,N,N-Trimethylammonium Chloride with Perfluorocarboxylic Acids

Rusdi

Moroi

Nakamura

et al. 2001

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…Here |Δγ|/(v 0 n 1α ) 1/2 is of order unity, so Δγ is appreciable even for very small v 0 n 1α . This salt-density dependence was observed for a water-air interface [16,23]. (ii) The electrostatic part γ e ≡ − dzεE 2 /8π is known to be important in this case from comparison between Δγ 1 and Δγ = Δγ 1 + γ e .…”

Section: Interface Profiles and Surface Tensionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…In aqueous systems, the salt effect on the surface tension γ has been examined extensively for an air-water interface [16][17][18], while it has not yet been well investigated for a liquid-liquid (oil-water) interface [19,20]. For a small amount of solute, most experimental interpretations have been based on the Gibbs formula [21,22] γ = γ 0 − k B T Γ, where γ 0 is the surface tension without solute and Γ represents the adsorption of solute per unit area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Solvation in Aqueous Mixtures: Interface Deformations and Instability

Ōnuki

Araki

2012

J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.

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We briefly review the effects of selective solvation of ions in aqueous mixtures, where the ion densities and the composition fluctuations are strongly coupled. We then examine the surface tension γ of a liquid-liquid interface in the presence of ions. We show that γ can be decreased drastically due to the electrostatic and solvation interactions near the interface. We calculate how the free energy is changed due to small surface undulations in the presence of an electric double layer. A surface instability occurs for negative γ, which can easily be realized for antagonistic ion pairs near the solvent criticality. Three-dimensional simulation shows how the surface instability is induced.

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The Surface Tension of Solutions of Electrolytes as a Function of the Concentration. III. Sodium Chloride

Cited by 83 publications

References 0 publications

Effective Interaction between Active Colloids and Fluid Interfaces Induced by Marangoni Flows

Effective Interaction between Active Colloids and Fluid Interfaces Induced by Marangoni Flows

Mixed Langmuir Monolayer of N-(1,1-Dihydroperfluorododecyl)-N,N,N-Trimethylammonium Chloride with Perfluorocarboxylic Acids

Selective Solvation in Aqueous Mixtures: Interface Deformations and Instability

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