One hundred patients suffering from acute pancreatitls and studied in two large teachlng hospitals in Brisbane between 1959 and 1973 were reviewed. Gallstones were present in 43 patients (of whom 31 were female), and a history of alcoholic excess was elicited i n 23. Sixty-three patients were aged over 50 years. Characteristic clinical features included spreading epigastric pain with radiation to either o f the upper quadrants of the abdomen. Left-sided upper abdominal peritonitis associated with severe repetitive vomiting was suggestive of the dlagn'osis. The serum amylase level in most cases fell below t h e arbitrary diagnostic level of 500 Somogyi unIts/100 m l within 72 hours of the onset of the pain. Acute hzmorrhaglc necrosis o f the pancreas was positively diagnosed in 15 patients, six of whom died. Tho 'overall mortality rate in the series was 9%. THE Eetiology and natural history of acute pancreatitis have been the subject of a number of recent Australian studies (Boyer and Mackay, 1960; Hennessy, 1965 : Corlett et alii,