The Susceptibility of Human Melanoma Cells to Infection with the Leningrad-16 Vaccine Strain of Measles Virus

Ammour, Yulia; Ryabaya, Oxana; Shchetinina, Yulia; Prokofeva, E. V.; Gavrilova, Marina L.; Khochenkov, Dmitry; Vorobyev, Denis; Файзулоев, Е. Б.; Шохин, И. Е.; Zverev, V. V.; Svitich, Oxana; Nasedkina, T. V.

doi:10.3390/v12020173

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Meanwhile, preclinical efficacy of oncolytic MeV has been demonstrated against a broad range of cancer entities (reviewed in [ 18 ]). In addition to Edmonston B derivatives, also the vaccine strains Moraten-Schwarz [ 19 ], Edmonston-Zagreb and AIK-C [ 20 ], rMV-Hu191 [ 21 ], as well as Leningrad-16 [ 22 ] have been shown to exert oncolytic effects in preclinical studies.…”

Section: Introduction—measles Virus For Cancer Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Measles Virus as an Oncolytic Immunotherapy

Engeland

Ungerechts

2021

Cancers

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Measles virus (MeV) preferentially replicates in malignant cells, leading to tumor lysis and priming of antitumor immunity. Live attenuated MeV vaccine strains are therefore under investigation as cancer therapeutics. The versatile MeV reverse genetics systems allows for engineering of advanced targeted, armed, and shielded oncolytic viral vectors. Therapeutic efficacy can further be enhanced by combination treatments. An emerging focus in this regard is combination immunotherapy, especially with immune checkpoint blockade. Despite challenges arising from antiviral immunity, availability of preclinical models, and GMP production, early clinical trials have demonstrated safety of oncolytic MeV and yielded promising efficacy data. Future clinical trials with engineered viruses, rational combination regimens, and comprehensive translational research programs will realize the potential of oncolytic immunotherapy.

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Section: Introduction—measles Virus For Cancer Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Measles Virus as an Oncolytic Immunotherapy

Engeland

Ungerechts

2021

Cancers

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“…It was concluded that type I IFN responses determine whether melanoma cells are sensitive or resistant to MV. Furthermore, the MV Leningrad-16 (L-16) strain showed replication in a panel of human metastatic melanoma cell lines and mediated cell killing in tumor cells [ 110 ]. MV L-16 generated statistically significant inhibition of tumor growth in a melanoma xenograft model.…”

Section: Vaccines Against Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Amplifying RNA Viruses as RNA Vaccines

Lundström¹

2020

IJMS

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Single-stranded RNA viruses such as alphaviruses, flaviviruses, measles viruses and rhabdoviruses are characterized by their capacity of highly efficient self-amplification of RNA in host cells, which make them attractive vehicles for vaccine development. Particularly, alphaviruses and flaviviruses can be administered as recombinant particles, layered DNA/RNA plasmid vectors carrying the RNA replicon and even RNA replicon molecules. Self-amplifying RNA viral vectors have been used for high level expression of viral and tumor antigens, which in immunization studies have elicited strong cellular and humoral immune responses in animal models. Vaccination has provided protection against challenges with lethal doses of viral pathogens and tumor cells. Moreover, clinical trials have demonstrated safe application of RNA viral vectors and even promising results in rhabdovirus-based phase III trials on an Ebola virus vaccine. Preclinical and clinical applications of self-amplifying RNA viral vectors have proven efficient for vaccine development and due to the presence of RNA replicons, amplification of RNA in host cells will generate superior immune responses with significantly reduced amounts of RNA delivered. The need for novel and efficient vaccines has become even more evident due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, which has further highlighted the urgency in challenging emerging diseases.

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“…The collect-and-screen approach in the field of OVs has been widely used for various virus strains and in vitro tumor cell models (see, for example, [15][16][17][18]). It should be noted that the topicality and employability of this approach is still justifiable [19].…”

Section: Diversity Of Viruses As the Basis For The Development Of New Ovsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oncolytic Viruses in Tumor Therapy: The Russian Perspective

Nm¹,

Pestov²,

Jm³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The idea of using the lytic power of viruses against the malignant cells has been entertained for many decades. However, oncolytic viruses (OV) gained broad attention as an emerging anti-cancer therapy only recently with the successful implementation of the oncolytic herpesvirus to treat advanced melanoma. OVs offer an attractive therapeutic combination of tumor-specific cell lysis together with immune stimulation, yet the latter effect is less well studied. Nevertheless, OVs can be envisaged as potential in situ tumor vaccines. The therapeutic potential of OVs can be instigated further by using the molecular biological and biotechnological tools to modify the existing viruses for their optimal tumor selectivity and enhanced immune stimulation. Furthermore, OVs can be readily combined with other therapeutic agents to increase the efficacy of the existing therapeutic schemes. In this review, we discuss biotechnological advances in the development of therapeutic applications of OVs in Russia. Particular emphasis is made on the OV-mediated treatment of glioblastoma. In addition, we highlight the challenges of oncolytic virotherapy, and describe the strategies to optimize current approaches to improve clinical outcomes.

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The Susceptibility of Human Melanoma Cells to Infection with the Leningrad-16 Vaccine Strain of Measles Virus

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

Measles Virus as an Oncolytic Immunotherapy

Measles Virus as an Oncolytic Immunotherapy

Self-Amplifying RNA Viruses as RNA Vaccines

Oncolytic Viruses in Tumor Therapy: The Russian Perspective

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