The sustainability of production and the US Dollar exchange rate influence Indonesian Cocoa and Pepper exports and their competitiveness

Sitepu, I; Nainggolan, M L W

doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1302/1/012142

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It happens as the financial outflows are required to purchase foreign goods. Sitepu and Nainggolan (2024) have noted this relationship. The coefficient for Budget Deficit is 0.95.…”

Section: Estimation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Import competition can also impact national debts indirectly by influencing household leverage, with regions exposed to higher import competition experiencing significant growth in household debt. Furthermore, the inflow of debt-type capital from core EU countries to periphery countries led to liquidity crises and increased non-performing loans, highlighting the intricate relationship between capital imports and debt levels (Sitepu and Nainggolan, 2024). Import competition significantly increases household debt, especially through home equity extraction, highlighting the distributive effects of globalization on household finances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unlocking Pakistan's Debt Conundrum: A Deep Dive into the Dynamics of Debt Servicing and External Debt Stock

Shabeer,

Azra,

Anwar

et al. 2024

J. Econ. Impact

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Pakistan stands at a crossroads where the burgeoning debt servicing cost of Rs 7.3 trillion is going to swallow the lion’s share of the projected revenue of Rs 9.2 trillion. This revenue also includes the Rs 5.2 trillion share allocated to the provinces. It is essential to study the causes of such a high debt stock rate, which requires a large outflow of foreign reserves. This study took 50 years of data about Pakistan and analyzed certain determinants of debt stock including debt service cost, budget deficit, military expenditure, import bill, and population. ARDL was used after finding a mixed order for stationery. The short and long-run analysis is undertaken. The Result shows that debt cost has a significant negative impact on debt stock, whereas budget deficit, military expenditure, import, and population have a significant positive impact on national debt. Based on the results, this study suggests that military expenditure and imports should be decreased to control national debt. The population must be maintained at an optimal level. The government should not go for a budget deficit as it requires further loans. The Results were checked for robustness and the model was stable.

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“…It happens as the financial outflows are required to purchase foreign goods. Sitepu and Nainggolan (2024) have noted this relationship. The coefficient for Budget Deficit is 0.95.…”

Section: Estimation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking Pakistan's Debt Conundrum: A Deep Dive into the Dynamics of Debt Servicing and External Debt Stock

Shabeer,

Azra,

Anwar

et al. 2024

J. Econ. Impact

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Influential Factors of Indonesian Cocoa Export: Evidence from FMOLS and DOLS Approaches

Agbolosoo,

Midamba,

Massaquoi

et al. 2024

IJAE

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The study investigated the determinants of cocoa exports using both FMOLS and DOLS approaches. The time series data were obtained from FAOSTAT and ICCO websites from the year 1990 to 2022. ADF and PP stationary unit roots were conducted to examine the stationarity of the variables while Johansen cointegration was used to verify the cointegrating among the variables. The outcome of the Johansen cointegration analysis suggests the existence of a cointegration relationship among the eight variables, indicating the presence of long-run relationships among the variables. The estimated results revealed that cocoa productivity, domestic cocoa production, domestic cocoa supply, exchange rates, and world cocoa prices affect Indonesian cocoa exports. Based on the estimated results and discussion, the study draws a conclusion that cocoa productivity, domestic cocoa production, exchange rates, and world cocoa prices positively and statistically significantly influenced cocoa exports while domestic cocoa supply negatively affected Indonesian cocoa exports. The study recommends that the government of Indonesia should stabilize the fluctuating exchange rates and encourage cocoa production via higher productivity by practicing farm rehabilitation practices to increase productivity and cocoa beans for exports. Moreover, the supply of cocoa beans should also be increased by increasing domestic producer prices. These key determinants are crucial for policymakers and industry stakeholders to understand and address to enhance the competitiveness and growth of the cocoa export industry in Indonesia.

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The sustainability of production and the US Dollar exchange rate influence Indonesian Cocoa and Pepper exports and their competitiveness

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Unlocking Pakistan's Debt Conundrum: A Deep Dive into the Dynamics of Debt Servicing and External Debt Stock

Unlocking Pakistan's Debt Conundrum: A Deep Dive into the Dynamics of Debt Servicing and External Debt Stock

Influential Factors of Indonesian Cocoa Export: Evidence from FMOLS and DOLS Approaches

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