The sweet spot between predictability and surprise: musical groove in brain, body, and social interactions

Stupacher, Jan; Matthews, Tomas E.; Pando‐Naude, Victor; Elst, Olivia Foster Vander; Vuust, Peter

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.906190

Cited by 29 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Our results support a crucial role of cortico-striatal circuits and dopamine in the pleasurable urge to move to music 8,93 . Both PD groups showed a flattening of the U-shaped relation between rhythmic complexity and ratings of pleasure and wanting to move compared to healthy age-matched controls.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…In this context, strongly weighted syncopations drive the urge to move, either directly to reinforce the metrical model, or indirectly via covert adjustments to that model. In terms of pleasure, by challenging our metric models, these syncopations potentiate model improvement 93 , which is itself intrinsically rewarding 108,109 . The weight of prediction errors due to syncopations depends on both the rhythmic context 110 and the strength of the listener’s metrical model 111 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dopamine dysregulation in Parkinson’s disease flattens the pleasurable urge to move to musical rhythms

Pando‐Naude

Matthews

Højlund

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The pleasurable urge to move to music (PLUMM) elicits activity in motor and reward areas of the brain and is thought to be driven by predictive processes. Dopamine within motor and limbic cortico-striatal networks is implicated in the predictive processes underlying beat-based timing and music-induced pleasure, respectively. This suggests a central role of cortico-striatal dopamine in in PLUMM. This study tested this hypothesis by comparing PLUMM in Parkinson's disease patients, healthy age-matched, and young controls. Participants listened to musical sequences with varying rhythmic and harmonic complexity (low, medium, high), and rated their experienced pleasure and urge to move to the rhythm. In line with previous results, healthy younger participants showed an inverted U-shaped relation between rhythmic complexity and ratings, with a preference for medium complexity rhythms, while age-matched controls showed a similar, but weaker, inverted U-shaped response. Conversely, PD patients showed a significantly flattened response for both the urge to move and pleasure. Crucially, this flattened response could not be attributed to differences in rhythm discrimination and did not reflect an overall decrease in ratings. Together, these results support the role of dopamine within cortico-striatal networks in the predictive processes that form the link between the perceptual processing of rhythmic patterns, and the affective and motor responses to rhythmic music.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dopamine dysregulation in Parkinson’s disease flattens the pleasurable urge to move to musical rhythms

Pando‐Naude

Matthews

Højlund

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…Based on 970,220 comments on 155 music videos, our findings suggest that the term groove is used to describe movement-and pleasure-related subjective experiences, as well as objective musical qualities that are tightly linked to the genres funk, soul, and R&B. Resonating with previous studies, groove terms were very likely to co-occur with movement (e.g., Janata et al, 2012;Madison, 2006;Stupacher et al, 2013), timing (e.g., Keil, 1995Senn et al, 2016;Witek et al, 2014), and flow/smoothness (Duman et al, 2021;Stupacher 2019) themes. Our dataset did not allow for conclusions about the link between groove and social bonding, which has been proposed by previous studies (Dotov et al, 2021;Duman et al, 2021Duman et al, , 2022Stupacher et al, 2022). In general, the study shows that text-mining approaches to analyzing YouTube comments provide an interesting perspective on how a general population of listeners discusses music.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…The connection between timing, rhythm, and groove is often-discussed. Groove has for example been related to moderate amounts of syncopation (Matthews et al, 2019;Sioros et al, 2014;Stupacher et al, 2022;Witek et al, 2014;Witek, 2017) or to microtiming (Câmara & Danielsen, 2020;Keil, 1995;Senn et al, 2016). Microtiming, understood as intended expressive timing deviations in music performances, has been argued to contribute to a sense of movement and collective participation (Keil, 1995, cf., Butterfield, 2010.…”

Section: Groove As An Objective Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A text mining approach to the use of "groove" in everyday language

Stupacher¹,

Bechtold²,

Senn³

2022

Preprint

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When speaking about music, the term groove can refer to objective qualities, such as specific rhythmical patterns in certain genres, or to subjective experiences, such as the pleasurable urge to move to the music. The mere juxtaposition of objective musical causes and subjective psychological effects may, however, be too simplistic to fully capture the complex and multifaceted groove phenomenon. One way to broaden the perspective of groove research is to analyze how people use the term groove in everyday language. We therefore employed a text-mining approach with theme searches and sentiment analyses of 970,220 comments on 155 music videos on YouTube. The corresponding songs were previously rated on groove, operationalized as pleasurable urge to move (Senn et al., 2021, Musicae Scientiae, 25). Results show that groove terms were more likely to be used in comments on songs that received higher groove ratings, indicating that the use of groove in everyday language and experiencing an urge to move are positively related. Resonating with the definition of groove as pleasurable urge to move, groove terms were very likely to co-occur with movement terms, and comments mentioning groove expressed more positive sentiments. We also found that groove terms were predominantly used to describe objective musical qualities in comments on funk, soul, and R&B songs, suggesting that the use of groove is related to genre. In general, we demonstrate how text mining can be used to review existing definitions and gain new perspectives on current topics in music science.

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“…To the best of our knowledge, the psychological study of groove started approximately twenty years ago with pioneering studies by Madison (2001Madison ( , 2003 who found that the groove experience seemed to be a consistent trait of music perception in humans, and that it transcended the boundaries of musical genres and cultures (Madison, 2006;Madison et al, 2011). In the 2010s, groove research grew into a budding field of investigation; for a recent review of the psychological and neurological groove literature, see Stupacher, Matthews, et al (2022). Senn et al (2019) proposed a psychological model of musical groove that is centered on the urge to move.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An SEM Approach to Validating the Psychological Model of Musical Groove

Senn¹,

Bechtold²,

Hoesl³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The experience of wanting to move in response to music is commonly known as feeling the groove. According to the psychological model of musical groove by Senn et al. (2019), the causes for the urge to move are linked to the properties of the music itself, to the personal background of the listener, to the listening situation, and to feedback loops between body movement and cognition. The model formulates eight hypotheses stating that the music affects a listener’s urge to move mediated through a variety of cognitive processes. This study develops a method based on Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to empirically test the model hypotheses. It evaluates five model hypotheses using data from an online listening experiment with 135 participants and 16 stylistically diverse musical stimuli (n=2160 observations). The SEM model had a good fit with the data (CFI=.958, RMSEA=.051) and explained a large proportion of the variance in the latent urge to move variable (R2=.737). Results show that music affects the urge to move mediated through listeners’ experiences of energetic arousal, listening pleasure, and temporal regularity. The stimuli themselves showed direct effects on the urge to move that were not mediated through the hypothesised mediation pathways. This suggests that the model is not yet complete. The current study demonstrates that the mediation structure of the psychological groove model can successfully be implemented using an SEM approach. The methodology may be adapted to investigate different repertoires, populations, and hypotheses in the future.

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The sweet spot between predictability and surprise: musical groove in brain, body, and social interactions

Cited by 29 publications

References 97 publications

Dopamine dysregulation in Parkinson’s disease flattens the pleasurable urge to move to musical rhythms

Dopamine dysregulation in Parkinson’s disease flattens the pleasurable urge to move to musical rhythms

A text mining approach to the use of "groove" in everyday language

An SEM Approach to Validating the Psychological Model of Musical Groove

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