The ‘switch on–switch off model’: Strategies used by nurses to mentally prepare and disengage from work

Manomenidis, Georgios; Panagopoulou, Efharis; Montgomery, Anthony

doi:10.1111/ijn.12443

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Use of sleep-promoting drugs has been linked to a higher risk of poorer sleep quality [49], suggesting that despite the use of medication, sleep problems and associated consequences may persist. Caffeine use to aid alertness during shift work was also common amongst nurses in other studies [47,60,61]; however, it was not necessarily an effective coping mechanism. While moderate caffeine doses up to 200 mg (daily limit of 400 mg) can increase alertness and improve cognitive performance, higher doses can often result in poorer sleep outcomes [48,62].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

How Do Nurses Cope with Shift Work? A Qualitative Analysis of Open-Ended Responses from a Survey of Nurses

Savic

Ogeil

Sechtig

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Nurses are frequently required to engage in shift work given the 24/7 nature of modern healthcare provision. Despite the health and wellbeing costs associated with shift work, little is known about the types of coping strategies employed by nurses. It may be important for nurses to adopt strategies to cope with shift work in order to prevent burnout, maintain wellbeing, and ensure high quality care to patients. This paper explores common strategies employed by nurses to cope with shift work. A workforce survey was completed by 449 shift working nurses that were recruited from a major metropolitan health service in Melbourne, Australia. Responses to open-ended questions about coping strategies were analysed using the framework approach to thematic analysis. Four interconnected main themes emerged from the data: (i) health practices, (ii) social and leisure, (iii) cognitive coping strategies, and (iv) work-related coping strategies. Although a range of coping strategies were identified, sleep difficulties often hindered the effective use of coping strategies, potentially exacerbating poor health outcomes. Findings suggest that in addition to improving nurses’ abilities to employ effective coping strategies on an individual level, workplaces also play an important role in facilitating nurses’ wellbeing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

How Do Nurses Cope with Shift Work? A Qualitative Analysis of Open-Ended Responses from a Survey of Nurses

Savic

Ogeil

Sechtig

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…On the other hand, listening to music before work has a positive impact on resilience by alleviating stress, improving mood and making adversities seem more manageable (Van der Zwaag et al, 2013). The impact of music on psychological arousal has also been supported by previous research indicating that nurses listen to music before work as a way to deal with work stress (Manomenidis et al, 2016).…”

Section: Re Sultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The mental preparation strategies that nurses use before the beginning of their shift were assessed by the “Mental Preparation Strategies Scale”, which was developed based on the “Switch On‐Switch Off Model” (Manomenidis et al, ). It includes 10 items corresponding to five different categories of preparation strategies: personal care (e.g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…External factors included the hospital type and working department. In terms of coping strategies, recent findings showed that coping strategies used by nurses’ to prepare mentally for work immediately before the beginning of their shift have a positive impact on stress (Manomenidis, Panagopoulou, & Montgomery, ). As a result, in this study we assessed the coping strategies employed by nurses immediately before the beginning of their shift.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resilience in nursing: The role of internal and external factors

2018

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Recent evidence shows that resilience can buffer the negative impact of workplace stressors on nurses and is linked to favourable patient outcomes. However, the comparative effectiveness of different contributing factors to nurses' resilience has not yet been examined. Our objective was to examine and compare the impact of individual characteristics, external factors and coping strategies on nurses' resilience. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected from 1,012 Greek nurses working in eight hospitals in northern Greece. Resilience, anxiety and depression, were measured using existing validated self- report instruments. In terms of coping strategies, this study used the "Mental Preparation Strategies Scale" to assess the mental preparation strategies employed by nurses before the beginning of their shift. Educational level, anxiety and the overall use of mental preparation strategies were the main predictors of nurse's resilience ([F = 52.781, p = 0.000, R = 0.139, Adjusted R = 0.137]). Resilient nurses were better educated {(b = 0.094. 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.038, 0.162)}, had lower anxiety ([b = -0.449, 95% CI -0.526, -0.372]) and used more often mental preparation strategies before the beginning of their shift ([b = 0.101, 95% CI 0.016, 0.061]). Findings provide information about which subgroups of nurses are more vulnerable in terms of resilience, i.e. less educated nurses, or nurses working in internal medicine wards.

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“…As humans are diurnal by nature and require sleep at night in order for survival, night shift work represents an abnormal physiologic state with short-term effects on circadian rhythm for those working isolated night shifts, and long-term effects for career night shift workers (i.e., nocturnists) [7]. Preparation for night shift work by nurses and physicians often involves a routine: pre- and post-shift sleep during daylight hours, use of sleep aids, and specific meal and beverage selection [8,9]. To date, no study has compared emergency medicine nurse and physician preferences regarding these factors, as well as their perception of fatigue during and after their night shift, risk of motor vehicle accidents while driving home, and their opinions on the potential emotional and physical health effects associated with working night shifts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Night shift preparation, performance, and perception: are there differences between emergency medicine nurses, residents, and faculty?

et al. 2018

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Objective Determine differences between faculty, residents, and nurses regarding night shift preparation, performance, recovery, and perception of emotional and physical health effects. Methods Survey study performed at an urban university medical center emergency department with an accredited residency program in emergency medicine. Results Forty-seven faculty, 37 residents, and 90 nurses completed the survey. There was no difference in use of physical sleep aids between groups, except nurses utilized blackout curtains more (69%) than residents (60%) and faculty (45%). Bedroom temperature preference was similar. The routine use of pharmacologic sleep aids differed: nurses and residents (both 38%) compared to faculty (13%). Residents routinely used melatonin more (79%) than did faculty (33%) and nurses (38%). Faculty preferred not to eat (45%), whereas residents (24%) preferred a full meal. The majority (>72%) in all groups drank coffee before their night shift and reported feeling tired despite their routine, with 4:00 a.m. as median nadir. Faculty reported a higher rate (41%) of falling asleep while driving compared to residents (14%) and nurses (32%), but the accident rate (3% to 6%) did not differ significantly. All had similar opinions regarding night shift-associated health effects. However, faculty reported lower level of satisfaction working night shifts, whereas nurses agreed less than the other groups regarding increased risk of drug and alcohol dependence. Conclusion Faculty, residents, and nurses shared many characteristics. Faculty tended to not use pharmacologic sleep aids, not eat before their shift, fall asleep at a higher rate while driving home, and enjoy night shift work less.

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The ‘switch on–switch off model’: Strategies used by nurses to mentally prepare and disengage from work

Cited by 10 publications

References 46 publications

How Do Nurses Cope with Shift Work? A Qualitative Analysis of Open-Ended Responses from a Survey of Nurses

How Do Nurses Cope with Shift Work? A Qualitative Analysis of Open-Ended Responses from a Survey of Nurses

Resilience in nursing: The role of internal and external factors

Night shift preparation, performance, and perception: are there differences between emergency medicine nurses, residents, and faculty?

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