The symbiotic chloroplasts in the sacoglossan<i>Elysia clarki</i>are from several algal species

Curtis, Nicholas E.; Massey, Steven E.; Pierce, Sidney K.

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7410.2006.00065.x

Cited by 53 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…YS001 had a more rounded shape than their oval counterparts in the alga, which was consistent with previous reports (Trench et al 1973;Mondy & Pierce 2003;Curtis et al 2006Curtis et al , 2010. The condensed thylakoids and the replacement of lipid droplets with starch granules and pyrenoid bodies, also indicated a change in the chloroplasts.…”

Section: Morphological Adaptationssupporting

confidence: 81%

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Short-term retention of kleptoplasty from a green alga (Bryopsis) in the sea slug Placida sp. YS001

Fan

Qiao

et al. 2014

Biologia

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The capacity of sea slugs (sacoglossans) for retaining chloroplasts from food algae provides important insights into endosymbiotic relationships and kleptoplasty. A sea slug species was captured accidentally in the Yellow Sea and identified as Placida sp. YS001 based on phylogenetic analyses of the COX1 and 16S gene sequence. Its life cycle was recorded using microscope. Photosynthetic analysis by pulse amplitude modulated fluorometry during starvation revealed shortterm functional kleptoplasty. An ultrastructural comparison of the slug and alga showed that a change in the chloroplast structure and the phagosome might correspond to short-term endosymbiosis. The horizontally transferred genes, psbO and lectin, were not cloned in the adults or eggs. This study demonstrates the morphological adaptation that occurs during short-term endosymbiotic relationships and provides fresh insights.

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Section: Morphological Adaptationssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…5). The same structure was observed in E. clarki (Curtis et al 2006), which has long-term functional kleptoplasty for 3-4 months (Curtis et al 2005). It seems that the presence or absence of the third membrane did not determine the persistence of functional kleptoplasty, after comparing Placida sp.…”

Section: Morphological Adaptationssupporting

confidence: 51%

Short-term retention of kleptoplasty from a green alga (Bryopsis) in the sea slug Placida sp. YS001

Fan

Qiao

et al. 2014

Biologia

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“…The large peak of radioactivity starting at about 4 min, which was not detected on the HPLC chromatogram, is right at the column void volume. membrane (Mondy and Pierce, 2003;Curtis et al, 2006). Instead of being digested, the plastids reside inside the vacuole for the duration of their association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorophyll a synthesis by an animal using transferred algal nuclear genes

2009

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Chlorophyll synthesis is an ongoing requirement for photosynthesis and a ubiquitous, diagnostic characteristic of plants and algae amongst eukaryotes. However, we have discovered that chlorophyll a (Chla) is synthesized in the symbiotic chloroplasts of the sea slug, Elysia chlorotica, for at least 6 months after the slugs have been deprived of the algal source of the plastids, Vaucheria litorea. In addition, using transcriptome analysis and PCR with genomic DNA, we found 4 expressed genes for nuclear-encoded enzymes of the Chla synthesis pathway that have been horizontally transferred from the alga to the genomic DNA of the sea slug. These findings demonstrate the first discovery of Chla production in an animal using transferred nuclear genes from its algal food.

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“…Uncertainty surrounds feeding ecology, but thought to be highly polyphageous for a sacoglossan. The most recent work using field and lab methods confirmed feeding on one or more species in the genera Bryopsis, Penicillus, Halimeda, Acetabularia Lamouroux, 1812, and Derbesia Solier, 1846 (Pierce et al, 2003;Curtis et al, 2004Curtis et al, , 2006Middlebrooks et al, 2014). Originally described as Elysia (Tridachia) crispata, now formally recognized as a member of the genus Elysia.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification guide to the heterobranch sea slugs (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Bocas del Toro, Panama

et al. 2016

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Background: The Bocas del Toro Archipelago is located off the Caribbean coast of Panama. Until now, only 19 species of heterobranch sea slugs have been formally reported from this area; this number constitutes a fraction of total diversity in the Caribbean region. Results: Based on newly conducted fieldwork, we increase the number of recorded heterobranch sea slug species in Bocas del Toro to 82. Descriptive information for each species is provided, including taxonomic and/or ecological notes for most taxa. The collecting effort is also described and compared with that of other field expeditions in the Caribbean and the tropical Eastern Pacific. Conclusions: This increase in known diversity strongly suggests that the distribution of species within the Caribbean is still poorly known and species ranges may need to be modified as more surveys are conducted.

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The symbiotic chloroplasts in the sacoglossanElysia clarkiare from several algal species

Cited by 53 publications

References 32 publications

Short-term retention of kleptoplasty from a green alga (Bryopsis) in the sea slug Placida sp. YS001

Short-term retention of kleptoplasty from a green alga (Bryopsis) in the sea slug Placida sp. YS001

Chlorophyll a synthesis by an animal using transferred algal nuclear genes

Identification guide to the heterobranch sea slugs (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Bocas del Toro, Panama

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