The Symbolic Relationship of Breast Cancer Patients to Their Cancer, Cure, Physician, and Themselves

Abstract

This study examined the type of unconscious relationship patients had to their cancer and the extent to which the cancer exhibited its presence through the unconscious of the patients. Before having breast biopsies, 146 tumor patients, between the ages of 17 and 90, were given the Kahn test of symbol arrangement and the lifeline tests. Results of the study using a multivariate analysis of variance that covaried age supported the hypothesis that the presence of a malignant tumor was exhibited prior to biopsy through the unconscious of the patients. Second, compared to the benign tumor patients, the malignant tumor group unconsciously expressed their cure as being more remote. The results suggest that patients whose cancer was expressed through their unconscious before diagnosis may expect to die, despite medical advances which show that early breast cancer detection leads to greater chance of cure. Implications for psychotherapeutic interventions working with patients’ belief systems are discussed.

ROS induced pyroptosis in inflammatory disease and cancer

“…Human tumors consist of diverse malignant and non-malignant cells, forming a complex ecosystem that governs tumor biology and response to treatment ( 90 ). Tumors are generally classified into benign and malignant categories ( 91 , 92 ). ROS are electron-deficient substances (unsaturated electron substances) that compete for electrons throughout the body.…”

Can primary breast cancer patients sense the presence of lymph node metastasis? An unexpected research finding

“…There is virtually no research literature about the relationship between disease parameters in cancer and the patients’ conscious expectations about the outcome of the biopsy when they are first confronted with a palpable tumour. In 1984 Engelman and Craddick reported 1 the results of a study about the type of unconscious relationships 146 patients with a breast tumour exhibited before having biopsies, using the Kahn test of symbol arrangement and the lifeline tests. The presence of a malignant tumour seemed to be unconsciously ‘perceived’.…”