The SYNERGISTIC ACTION OF Α-Melanocyte-Stimulating HORMONE AND TESTOSTERONE ON THE SEBACEOUS, PROSTATE, PREPUTIAL, HARDERIAN AND LACHRYMAL GLANDS, SEMINAL VESICLES AND BROWN ADIPOSE TISSUE IN THE HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED-CASTRATED RAT

Abstract

Alpha-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone was shown to act synergistically with testosterone to stimulate the sebaceous, prostate and the seminal vesicles in hypophys-ectomized-castrated rats. The sebaceous glands differed from the other three organs in that alpha-MSH not only acted synergistically, but also had a significant effect which was independent of the presence of exogenous testosterone. The response of the brown adipose tissue to testerone, considerably reduced by hypophysectomy, was not restored by alpha-MSH. The Harderian and lachrymal glands were also pituitary-dependent and their weights in hypophysectomized-castrated rats were not restored by alpha-MSH.

Induced Expression of Androgen Receptor in Androgen Independent Prostate Cancer Cells Using an IkBalpha Super Repressor

“…These observations were confirmed in other investigations (14,(19)(20)(21)23). In the present study,'LNCaP cells did not respond to TGF-B, and this observation is in agreement with earlier publications.…”

“…In a previous study, exogenous PDGF stimulated the proliferation of PC-3 cells in a dose-dependent manner and overcame dexamethasone's inhibition of PC-3 cell growth (19). The treatment of LNCaP cells with PDGF did not stimulate their growth (20).…”

“…We also observed mandibular and ocular gland metastases that are highly unusual clinically. We suspect that the high incidence of mandible and nasal bone lesions in this model may be due to the fact that the incisors in mice continuously 19 Cancer erupt. Thus, these areas would provide a proHferative microenvironment for tumor cells where tone resorption is a prerequisite.…”

“…Exogenous PDGF either inhibits or enhances the proliferation of prostate cancer cell lines in vitro (13,16,19,20). In a previous study, exogenous PDGF stimulated the proliferation of PC-3 cells in a dose-dependent manner and overcame dexamethasone's inhibition of PC-3 cell growth (19).…”

Melanocortin-5 Receptor Deficiency in Mice Blocks a Novel Pathway Influencing Pheromone-Induced Aggression

“…Previous reports have shown that acute a-MSH injection releases into the urine of male rats and mice a pheromonal signal that elicits attacks from opponents even when swabbed onto the fur of nonaggressive stimulus mice (Nowell and Wouters, 1975;Nowell et al, 1980). Although the male rodent preputial gland contributes to the aggression-eliciting pheromonal signal, preputial pheromones are not the sole source of this signal (Ingersoll et al, 1986;Jones and Nowell, 1973;Novotny et al, 1985), and the activity of this exocrine gland depends on pituitary and gonadal hormones, such as alpha-MSH and testosterone, respectively Ebling et al, 1975).…”