The synergistic effect of TiO₂ nanoporous modification and platelet-rich plasma treatment on titanium-implant stability in ovariectomized rats

Abstract

For several decades, titanium and its alloys have been commonly utilized for endosseous implantable materials, because of their good mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and biocompatibility. But associated low bone mass, wear and loss characteristics, and high coefficients of friction have limited their long-term stable performance, especially in certain abnormal bone-metabolism conditions, such as postmenopausal osteoporosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment and TiO 2 nanoporous modification on the stability of titanium implants in osteoporotic bone. After surface morphology, topographical structure, and chemical changes of implant surface had been detected by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy, contact-angle measurement, and X-ray diffraction, we firstly assessed in vivo the effect of PRP treatment on osseointegration of TiO 2 -modified implants in ovariectomized rats by microcomputed tomography examinations, histology, biomechanical testing, and SEM observation. Meanwhile, the potential molecular mechanism involved in peri-implant osseous enhancement was also determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that this TiO 2 -modified surface was able to lead to improve bone implant contact, while PRP treatment was able to increase the implant surrounding bone mass. The synergistic effect of both was able to enhance the terminal force of implants drastically in biomechanical testing. Compared with surface modification, PRP treatment promoted earlier osteogenesis with increased expression of the RUNX2 and COL1 genes and suppressed osteoclastogenesis with increased expression of OPG and decreased levels of RANKL. These promising results show that PRP treatment combined with a TiO 2 -nanomodified surface can improve titanium-implant biomechanical stability in ovariectomized rats, suggesting a beneficial effect to support the success of implants in osteoporotic bone.

Nanocomposite Hydrogel Produced from PEGDA and Laponite for Bone Regeneration

“…Analyzes of bone mineralization evolution were performed by histological analysis 45 days after implantation [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Effect of platelet-rich and platelet-poor plasma on 3D bone-to-implant contact: a preclinical micro-CT study

“…Recently, multiple growth factors, most commonly, platelet-derived growth factors have been utilized for enhancing the BIC [ 20 ]. Some studies have shown improved implant stability and earlier osteogenesis with plasma containing higher concentration of platelets [ 21 , 22 ]. However, there is lack of evidence related to the influence of different platelet-derived plasma concentrations on the 3D BIC at follow-up.…”

The Potential Therapeutic Effects of Platelet-Derived Biomaterials on Osteoporosis: A Comprehensive Review of Current Evidence

“…Several studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of platelet concentrates for the treatment and management of osteoporosis (Tables 2 and 3 ) [ 21 – 23 , 37 , 56 – 64 ]. All studies were conducted on ovariectomized (OVX) animal models including mice [ 22 , 23 , 37 , 56 ], rats [ 21 , 57 – 60 , 62 , 64 ], and rabbits [ 61 , 63 ].…”

“…Several studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of platelet concentrates for the treatment and management of osteoporosis (Tables 2 and 3 ) [ 21 – 23 , 37 , 56 – 64 ]. All studies were conducted on ovariectomized (OVX) animal models including mice [ 22 , 23 , 37 , 56 ], rats [ 21 , 57 – 60 , 62 , 64 ], and rabbits [ 61 , 63 ]. In these studies, the systemic and localized application of platelet concentrates (PRP or PRF) alone or in combination with osteoinductive and osteoconductive biomaterials has been investigated [ 21 , 37 , 57 , 58 , 60 – 64 ].…”

“…All studies were conducted on ovariectomized (OVX) animal models including mice [ 22 , 23 , 37 , 56 ], rats [ 21 , 57 – 60 , 62 , 64 ], and rabbits [ 61 , 63 ]. In these studies, the systemic and localized application of platelet concentrates (PRP or PRF) alone or in combination with osteoinductive and osteoconductive biomaterials has been investigated [ 21 , 37 , 57 , 58 , 60 – 64 ]. Furthermore, the additional use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has also been studied [ 22 , 23 , 56 , 59 ].…”