The synergistic impact of multi walled carbon nanotubes on microstructural, morphological, and optical properties of polyaniline films

Abstract

Nanocomposite of polyaniline (PANI) and multi walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) was synthesised by ex‐situ solution mixing process in the N‐Methyl‐2‐Pyrrolidinone (NMP) solvent medium by varying the concentration of MWCNT in the PANI matrix. PANI‐MWCNT composite films were prepared by the drop casting method. The morphology, structure and chemical composition of PANI and PANI‐MWCNT nanocomposites were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x‐ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) spectra. The experimental findings suggested a favourable synergy between PANI and MWCNTs. PANI‐MWCNT nanocomposite formed as randomly oriented nanofibrous clusters was confirmed, and the bandgap of the composites was found to be gradually decreased with the increase in concentration of MWCNT in the PANI matrix. The calculation of crystallinity index, crystallite size, average d‐spacing, dislocation density, lattice strain, and inter chain separation of the samples were conducted by XRD analysis. When the MWCNT concentration increased from 0.05 % w/v to 0.5 % w/v, a rise in the degree of crystallinity from 3.39 % to 52.46 %, dislocation density from 0.03315×10−3(nm−2)to 0.07133×10−3 (nm−2) and lattice strain from 8.6821×10−3 to 12.9843×10−3, accompanied by a reduction in both crystallite size and inter‐chain separation were observed .The microcrystalline behaviour and crystalline orientation of the PANI‐MWCNT composites were correlated with the bandgap studies. The composite formation improved the thermal stability of PANI. The co‐relation between the crystallinity parameters and fine tuning of optical bandgap and the control over the defect levels were done in this study. This synergy suggests that these composites are suitable candidates for linear and nonlinear optical (NLO) applications.

Enhanced nonlinear optical properties and optical limiting performance of graphene modified polyaniline composite under pulsed laser regime

“…The d-spacing of PANI-GNP was calculated from SAED pattern, using image J software. The average d -spacing calculated for PANI-GNP was found to be 0.19 nm reduced from 0.23 nm when compared to PANI [41]. The TEM images confirmed the observations of SEM analysis discussed in section 3.1.…”

“…The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the PANI-GNP composite at two magnifications are shown in figure 2. The SEM images describing the morphology of PANI was reported in our previous work, where it exhibited randomly oriented, branched, interconnected fibrous clusters [41]. The distribution of PANI fibrous clusters on the flaky, smooth surface of the GNP, observed in figure 2, confirms the presence of PANI and GNP in the composites.…”

“…The structure of PANI was described in our previous publication [41]. The SAED pattern of PANI-GNP has continuous concentric bright rings compared to PANI indicate the presence of graphene in the polymer matrix.…”

“…Emaraldine base form of PANI was synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization method. The detailed description of the synthesis can be found in our previous report [41]. The emaraldine base form of PANI sample was dissolved in NMP (0.5% w/v) with stirring at room temperature, resulting in a homogeneous solution.…”