The synthesis and hydration of ternesite, Ca5(SiO4)2SO4

Skalamprinos, Solon; Jen, Gabriel; Galán, Isabel Moratilla; Whittaker, Mark; Elhoweris, Ammar; Glasser, F. P.

doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.06.012

Cited by 34 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Magnesite also confirms the reaction of carbonate from soda ash to Mg in aqueous solution. Findings from this study corroborate findings from our previous studies and what has been reported in the literature [37,43,45,49,[57][58][59][60].…”

Section: Characterisation Of the Product Mineralssupporting

confidence: 93%

Techno-Economic Analysis of the Reclamation of Drinking Water and Valuable Minerals from Acid Mine Drainage

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The concept of circular economy in wastewater treatment has recently attracted immense interest and this is primarily fueled by the ever-growing interest to minimise ecological footprints of mining activities and metallurgical processes. In light of that, countries such as the Republic of South Africa, China, Australia, and the United States are at the forefront of water pollution due to the generation of notorious acid mine drainage (AMD). The disposal of AMD to different receiving environments constitutes a severe threat to the receiving ecosystem thus calling for prudent intervention to redress the prevailing challenges. Recent research emphasises the employment of wastewater treatment, beneficiation and valorisation. Herein, the techno-economic evaluation of the reclamation of clean water and valuable minerals from AMD using the Magnesite Softening and Reverse Osmosis (MASRO) process was reported. The total capital expenditure (CAPEX) for the plant is ZAR 452,000 (USD 31,103.22) which includes ZAR 110,000 (USD 7569.37) for civil works on a plant area of 100 m2. The operational expenditure (OPEX) for the pilot is 16,550,000 ZAR (South African Rand) or USD 1,138,845.72 in present value terms (10 years plant life). The plant reclaimed drinking water as specified in different water quality standards, guidelines, and specifications, including Fe-based minerals (goethite, magnetite, and hematite), Mg-gypsum, and calcium carbonate. These minerals were verified using state-of-the-art analytical equipment. The recovered valuables will be sold at ZAR 368/kL (USD 25.32), ZAR 1100/t (USD 75.69), and ZAR 2000/t (USD 137.62) for water, gypsum, and limestone, respectively. The project has an NPV of ZAR 60,000 (USD 4128.75) at an IRR of 26%. The payback period for this investment will take 3 years. The total power consumption per day was recorded to be 146.6 kWh, and 103,288 kWh/annum. In conclusion, findings of this work will significantly contribute to improving the sustainability of the mining sector by proposing economically feasible solutions for wastewater streams treatment, beneficiation, and valorisation.

show abstract

Section: Characterisation Of the Product Mineralssupporting

confidence: 93%

Techno-Economic Analysis of the Reclamation of Drinking Water and Valuable Minerals from Acid Mine Drainage

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…12-15). The results from simultaneous thermal analysis supposed solid phases formation : larnite -Ca 2 SiO 4 [18], ternesite -Ca 5 (SiO 4 ) 2 (SO 4 ) [19,49], and spurrite -Ca 5 (SiO 4 ) 2 (CO 3 ) [20,50]. Their crystallization takes place in the thermal heating process, not related to ML.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 94%

TG/DTG-DSC and high temperature in-situ XRD analysis of natural thaumasite

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper investigated thermal properties of natural thaumasite, such as phase composition and reaction mechanism of thermal decomposition using simultaneous TG/DTG-DSC in Ar and Air medium up to 1673 K, coupled with masspectrometer for analysis of evolving gases, and in-situ powder X-ray diffraction measurements. The transitional solid phases, grown with increasing of temperature at thaumasite thermal decomposition, are calcium hydrogen carbonate (Ca(HCO 3) 2) and hydrogen sulphate (Ca(HSO 4) 2), calcite, anhydrite, calcium silicates (wolastonite and larnite), calcium silico-carbonate (spurrite), and calcium silico-sulphate (ternesite). The thermal decomposition in both gaseous media includes the stages of dehydration, dehydroxylation, dacarbonation and desulphuration with obtaining a solid residue of varying degrees of crystallinity. The main solid phase, grown at the highest temperatures, is larnite. Based on the obtained results it was proposed the scheme of chemical reactions, which presents the reaction mechanism of thaumasite thermal decomposition. The defined scheme has both fundamental importance by adding new details of reference data, and practical application for thaumasite identification in chemical archaeology, and in the chemistry of cement and cement-based materials.

show abstract

“…1220-1290°C; with the latter temperature being the highest calculated temperature at which stoichiometric ternesite is stable under any gas fugacity (Hanein, Galan et al 2017). Some studies have demonstrated that ternesite can exhibit cementitious properties (Sherman, Beretka et al 1995, Dienemann, Schmitt et al 2013, Bullerjahn, Schmitt et al 2014, Bullerjahn, Zajac et al 2015, Skalamprinos, Jen et al 2018; however, if the formation of ternesite is unwanted, and there are chances of some ternesite formed during the intermediate stage persisting to the final clinker, its formation can be avoided by controlling temperature and SO 2 and/or O 2 partial pressures .…”

Section: Phase Evolution During A-c$a Clinkering Under Higher So 2 Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alite calcium sulfoaluminate cement: chemistry and thermodynamics

Hanein

Duvallet

Jewell

et al. 2019

Advances in Cement Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Calcium sulfoaluminate (C$A) cement is a binder of increasing interest to the cement industry and as such is undergoing rapid development. Current formulations do not contain alite; however, it can be shown that hybrid C$A-alite cements can combine the favourable characteristics of Portland cement with those of C$A cement while also having a lower carbon footprint than the current generation of Portland cement clinkers. This paper presents two results on the formation of alite calcium sulfoaluminate (a-C$A) clinkers. The first is a thermodynamic study which demonstrates that the production of a-C$A clinker is possible without the use of mineralizers such as CaF 2 , doping with foreign elements such as barium and strontium, or using multiple stages of heating to produce ye'elimite. It is established that a-C$A clinker can be readily produced in a standard process by controlling the oxygen and sulfur dioxide fugacity in the atmosphere. This allows for the stabilization of ye'elimite to the higher temperatures required for alite stability. The second result establishes that when using fluorine to mineralise a-C$A clinker production at 1250°C, the iron content in the clinker is also an important variable. Although the exact mechanism of alite stabilisation is not known, it is shown that alite formation increases with the combination of CaF 2 and Fe 2 O 3 in the mix.

show abstract

The synthesis and hydration of ternesite, Ca5(SiO4)2SO4

Cited by 34 publications

References 40 publications

Techno-Economic Analysis of the Reclamation of Drinking Water and Valuable Minerals from Acid Mine Drainage

Techno-Economic Analysis of the Reclamation of Drinking Water and Valuable Minerals from Acid Mine Drainage

TG/DTG-DSC and high temperature in-situ XRD analysis of natural thaumasite

Alite calcium sulfoaluminate cement: chemistry and thermodynamics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About