The Synthesis and Polymer-Reinforced Mechanical Properties of SiO2 Aerogels: A Review

Zhan, Wang; Chen, Le; Kong, QingXin; Li, Lixia; Jiang, Juncheng; Li, Weixi; Shi, Fan; Zhang, Xu

doi:10.3390/molecules28145534

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…During the study, it was found that the technology for adding aerogel to the admix should be modified. The causes of technology modification are mentioned in the literature review [17]. In the second series of samples, the aerogel was first mixed with isopropyl alcohol and then added to the dry concrete mix.…”

Section: Concrete MIX Proportionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical and Thermal Properties of an Energy-Efficient Cement Composite Incorporating Silica Aerogel

Koriakovtseva,

Dontsova,

Nemova

2024

Buildings

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The thermal performance of the building envelope is significant in energy-efficient construction. Because concrete is widely used in civil engineering, options to reduce its R-value should be considered. This study explores the thermal and structural properties of aerogel-enhanced concrete. Silica aerogel powder was mixed with fine-grained concrete at 15 vol.%. Two series of samples were prepared to identify the preferred technology. The first series of samples were mixed without isopropyl alcohol; for the second series, the alcohol was mixed with silica aerogel before mixing into the dry mix. The thermal conductivity, compressive strength, and bending resistance of the specimens were measured. The presence of silica aerogel admix resulted in a decrease in the compressive strength of the specimens by 30% compared with that of the reference samples and a reduction in the bending strength of the samples by 9% compared with that of the reference samples. For the first and second series of samples, the K-values of the aerogel-enhanced specimens varied in the range from 0.83 W/(m·K) to 1.13 W/(m·K), respectively. To further decrease the thermal conductivity, gypsum putty was then added to the specimens, resulting in the K-values further decreasing to 0.64 W/(m·K) and 0.84 W/(m·K), respectively. The calculation of heat losses through 1 m2 of the aerogel-enhanced concrete wall was performed. It has been shown that energy expenses for heating can be lowered by 30%. The calculation of the greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion of fuel required for heating was also considered. The emissions decreased by 30.2% compared with the reference sample. Microscopic examination of the face and section surfaces of the sample revealed a significant number of pores compared with conventional fine-grain concrete.

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Section: Concrete MIX Proportionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, solvents (most often alcohols) are used to ensure the homogeneity of the mixture. These reactions are usually performed with ethanol or methanol [17]. Therefore, it is necessary to change the water-cement ratio [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of an Energy-Efficient Cement Composite Incorporating Silica Aerogel

Koriakovtseva,

Dontsova,

Nemova

2024

Buildings

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“…The physio-chemical parameters of different polymers play a very significant role in defining the properties of the subsequent aerogel. Some important properties of polymers include the surface area of the polymer [76,77], chemical structure [78], porosity, density, polymer solubility, thermal stability [79], and the hydrophilic or hydrophobic nature of any specific polymer. Generally, for synthesising aerogels, biopolymers are mainly considered to be utilised in biomedical applications.…”

Section: Important Properties Of Polymers Used For Biomedical Applica...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid and Single-Component Flexible Aerogels for Biomedical Applications: A Review

Fijalkowski,

Ali,

Qamer

et al. 2023

Gels

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The inherent disadvantages of traditional non-flexible aerogels, such as high fragility and moisture sensitivity, severely restrict their applications. To address these issues and make the aerogels efficient, especially for advanced medical applications, different techniques have been used to incorporate flexibility in aerogel materials. In recent years, a great boom in flexible aerogels has been observed, which has enabled them to be used in high-tech biomedical applications. The current study comprises a comprehensive review of the preparation techniques of pure polymeric-based hybrid and single-component aerogels and their use in biomedical applications. The biomedical applications of these hybrid aerogels will also be reviewed and discussed, where the flexible polymeric components in the aerogels provide the main contribution. The combination of highly controlled porosity, large internal surfaces, flexibility, and the ability to conform into 3D interconnected structures support versatile properties, which are required for numerous potential medical applications such as tissue engineering; drug delivery reservoir systems; biomedical implants like heart stents, pacemakers, and artificial heart valves; disease diagnosis; and the development of antibacterial materials. The present review also explores the different mechanical, chemical, and physical properties in numerical values, which are most wanted for the fabrication of different materials used in the biomedical fields.

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“…1−4 Silica aerogels have been considered first-choice functional soft materials due to their high thermal resistance, low bulk density, and industrial production capability, and are widely used for safety and energy applications. 5 However, their intrinsically poor mechanical properties have led to various modifications from different preparation methods using chemical precursors to manipulation of parameters and reinforcement with different materials, including polymers, to improve mechanical strength through porosity and a beadlike network structure. Despite these advancements, the use of Pickering emulsionbased methods for the preparation of silica aerogels is still unexplored, which represents a significant gap in aerogel technology.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aerogels are known for their densely packed, lightweight porous solid structures with low thermal conductivity. − Silica aerogels have been considered first-choice functional soft materials due to their high thermal resistance, low bulk density, and industrial production capability, and are widely used for safety and energy applications . However, their intrinsically poor mechanical properties have led to various modifications from different preparation methods using chemical precursors to manipulation of parameters and reinforcement with different materials, including polymers, to improve mechanical strength through porosity and a beadlike network structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultralight, Robust, Thermal Insulating Silica Nanolace Aerogels Derived from Pickering Emulsion Templates

Cho,

Sung,

Choi

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Synthesis of silica aerogel insulators with ultralight weight and strong mechanical properties using a simplified technique remains challenging for functional soft materials. This study introduces a promising method for the fabrication of mechanically reinforced ultralight silica aerogels by employing attractive silica nanolace (ASNLs)-armored Pickering emulsion templates. For this, silica nanolaces (SiNLs) are fabricated by surrounding a cellulose nanofiber with necklace-shaped silica nanospheres. In order to achieve amphiphilicity, which is crucial for the stabilization of oil-in-water Pickering emulsions, hydrophobic alkyl chains and hydrophilic amine groups are grafted onto the surface of SiNLs by silica coupling reactions. Freeze-drying of ASNLs-armored Pickering emulsions has established a new type of aerogel system. The ASNLs-supported mesoporous aerogel shows 3-fold greater compressive strength, 4-fold reduced heat transfer, and a swift heat dissipation profile compared to that of the bare ASNL aerogel. Additionally, the ASNL aerogel achieves an ultralow density of 8 mg cm −3 , attributed to the pore architecture generated from closely jammed emulsion drops. These results show the potential of the ASNL aerogel system, which is ultralight, mechanically stable, and thermally insulating and could be used in building services, energy-saving technologies, and the aerospace industry.

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The Synthesis and Polymer-Reinforced Mechanical Properties of SiO2 Aerogels: A Review

Cited by 11 publications

References 156 publications

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of an Energy-Efficient Cement Composite Incorporating Silica Aerogel

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of an Energy-Efficient Cement Composite Incorporating Silica Aerogel

Hybrid and Single-Component Flexible Aerogels for Biomedical Applications: A Review

Ultralight, Robust, Thermal Insulating Silica Nanolace Aerogels Derived from Pickering Emulsion Templates

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