The Synthesis of a Novel Cellulose Physical Gel

Abstract

Cellulose possessingβ-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was used as a host molecule and cellulose possessing ferrocene (Fc) as a guest polymer. Infrared spectra, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV), and contact angle analysis were used to characterise the material structure and the inclusion behaviour. The results showed that theβ-CD-cellulose and the Fc-cellulose can form inclusion complexes. Moreover, ferrocene oxidation, and reduction of state can be adjusted by sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) as an oxidant and glutathione (GSH) as a reductant. In this study, a physical gel based onβ-CD-cellulose/Fc-cellulose was formed under mild conditions in which autonomous healing between cut surfaces occurred after 24 hours. The physical gel can be controlled in the sol-gel transition. The compressive strength of the Fc-cellulose/β-CD-cellulose gel increased with increased cellulose concentration. The host-guest interaction between the side chains of cellulose could strengthen the gel. The cellulose physical gel may eventually be used as a stimulus-responsive, healing material in biomedical applications.

Binding Cellulose and Chitosan via Intermolecular Inclusion Interaction: Synthesis and Characterisation of Gel

“…This indicated that the cellulose-Fc and chitosan-CDs have been formed in the inclusion complex. Similar findings were reported in the literature [26][27][28]. Figures 2 and 3 show the solid-state 13 C-NMR spectra of the chitin-CDs and cellulose-Fc.…”

“…This method differed with physical mixing in that it incorporated a "lock" formed by the Fc and -CD groups between cellulose and chitosan molecules: the gel prepared by this method with Fc-cellulose and -CD-chitosan by self-assembled Fc and -CD groups in the absence of chemical cross-links was also novel. The incorporation of "locks" ensured a uniform mixing system and the "locks" in this Fc--CD system made the materials smart in such a manner as to allow them to respond by their "locking" and "unlocking" behaviour [26][27][28][29]. The potential responsive properties present this kind of gel with a wider range of applications.…”

Advances in cellulose-based superabsorbent hydrogels

“…[83], which showed sensitive to the pH variation (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Such on-off switching behavior as reversible swelling-deswelling has been reported agent, electro-chemistry and so on.…”

“…Moreover, physical cross-link techniques include freeze/thaw cycle technology and hydrogen bond crosslinking, which are also adapted in some cases. 7 It is worth noting that new techniques such as interface contact technology 8 and in situ photo-polymerization 9 have emerged in recent years.…”

Self-Healing Hydrogels Based on Carboxymethyl Chitosan and Acryloyl-6-aminocaproic Acid

“…Hydrogels with the ability to repair themselves after sustaining damage could extend the lifetime of materials used in many applications. So far, selfhealing has been demonstrated in linear polymers, host-guest polymers [4,5], supramolecular networks [6,7], dendrimerclay systems [8], metal ion-polymer systems [9], and multicomponent systems [10][11][12]. In recent years there has been intense research into supramolecular network induced selfhealing materials [13][14][15].…”