The synthesis of porous graphitic carbon nitride with N_3C nitrogen vacancies by a CaCO₃ template for improved photocatalytic H₂ evolution

Abstract

Porous graphitic carbon nitride with nitrogen vacancy (N-CN) has been successfully synthesized by a facile CaCO3 template method. The porous structure contributed to increased surface area of obtained N-CN photocatalyst....

Nitrogen‐Based Imperfections in Graphitic Carbon Nitride – New Trend for Enhancing Photocatalytic Activity?

“…Certain instances, electron rich environment was observed and caused the shielding effect after the introduction of N-related defects in melem motifs. [48,77,102] Besides these traditional peaks, C i and C e , new peaks appeared and associated with electron withdrawing substituents such as cyano, [92,111,129] amide, [65] etc. [98] (Figure 5d).…”

“… [99,100] While theoretical calculations indicate that removing NH x requires less energy compared to N 2C , the majority of studies have consistently reported the preferential loss of N 2C [101] . Certain reaction conditions, like the previous one, [64] using CaCO 3 template, [102] calcination in the presence of air [75] and the use of HNO 3 , [83] resulted in the removal of N 3C lattice sites. Many strategies alike replacing N atom with an element (P, O and S) or inducing vacancy in the presence of other dopants (Se, Mn, Cu and Mg) contributed to the determination of missing N atom and the location of these atoms by comparing the binding energy changes in XPS [69,103–108] …”