The synthetic cannabinoid 5F-MDMB-PICA: A case series

Kleis, Jan-Niklas; Germerott, Tanja; Halter, Sebastian; Héroux, V.; Roehrich, Joerg; Schwarz, Clara-Sophie; Heß, Cornelius

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110410

Cited by 39 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In regards to NPS, drugs were selected in this study based on recent reports and statistics in the literature, considering a potential occurrence of these drugs in wastewater and also their suitability as potential predictive models for other alike NPS. The occurrence in seized drugs and/or biological specimens has been reported for synthetic cannabinoids 4F‐MDMB‐BINACA, 5F‐MDMB‐PICA and MDMB‐4en‐PINACA (Krotulski et al ., 2019; Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), 2020; Kleis et al ., 2020; Erol Ozturk and Yeter, 2021), the opioid carfentanil (Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), 2020; Brunetti et al ., 2021) and the plant‐derived NPS mitragynine, a plant‐derived NPS (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), 2020). It is also noteworthy to mention that cocaine and benzoylecgonine have been widely reported in wastewater (de Campos et al ., 2021) and carfentanil was also recently reported in wastewater samples (O'Rourke and Subedi, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the parent form, 4F‐MDMB‐BINACA and 5F‐MDMB‐PICA are not usually detected in urine samples (Mogler et al ., 2018; Haschimi et al ., 2019; Krotulski et al ., 2019; Kleis et al ., 2020; Truver et al ., 2020; Lie et al ., 2021; Qin et al ., 2021). Thus, it would not be surprising if these synthetic cannabinoids were not detected in wastewater.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cocaine esterase occurrence in global wastewater microbiomes and potential for biotransformation of novel psychoactive substances

Campos

Almeida

Martinis

et al. 2021

Environ Microbiol Rep

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Summary The analysis of drugs in wastewater for forensic purposes has been constantly increasing and the investigation of the potential interaction between drugs or metabolites and sewage microbiota is important. The results demonstrated that cocaine esterase genes were widely distributed in 1142 global wastewater samples collected from 64 countries and linked to several bacterial species. In addition, in silico predictions indicated that carfentanil, 4F‐MDMB‐BINACA, 5F‐MDMB‐PICA, MDMB‐4en‐PINACA and mitragynine might also undergo microbial hydrolysis, in a similar fashion of cocaine degradation by cocaine esterase. In conclusion, it was demonstrated the microbial potential to hydrolyze drugs of abuse in wastewater environments, contributing to the critical evaluation of potential metabolites as biomarkers for microbial and human transformation of drugs in wastewater.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocaine esterase occurrence in global wastewater microbiomes and potential for biotransformation of novel psychoactive substances

Campos

Almeida

Martinis

et al. 2021

Environ Microbiol Rep

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“…Adverse effects may be cardiovascular (e.g., sympathomimetic effects such as tachycardia, palpitations, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and arrhythmias), neurological (e.g., seizures, tremors, stroke, fear, aggressive behavior, changing moods, and confusion [9]), gastrointestinal (e.g., nausea and vomiting), psychological (e.g., agitation, confusion, drowsiness, lethargy, hallucination, irritability, and paranoia), pulmonary (e.g., respiratory depression), metabolic, or muscular [10,11]. However, unlike cannabis, SCs have significant potential to cause severe and life-threatening toxicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accidental Ingestion of a Novel Psychoactive Substance: A Case Report

Kant¹,

Mong²,

Tan³

2020

Cureus

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Novel psychoactive substances (NPSs) are a new generation of designer drugs that are quickly replacing the traditionally abused street drugs. Since their development, the number of molecules in NPSs and their variants have expanded exponentially. Little is known locally about the toxic effects of the exposure of these NPSs. We report two cases of accidental ingestion of methyl (2S)-2-{[1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indole-3arbonyl]amino}-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (5-fluoro-MDMB-PICA), a recent NPS. They were drinking the liquid in a winter melon tea bottle, and one patient had a seizure episode directly after ingestion. Both patients were managed supportively and discharged after a brief hospitalization period. Presentation to the emergency departments (EDs) following exposure to NPSs may become more common. Knowledge about the impact of NPS exposure and their clinical effects is lacking amongst emergency physicians in Singapore, and this case report serves as a potential resource for physicians.

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“…Nevertheless, data on the pharmacology and toxicity of SCRAs is still limited [ 2 , 5 , 6 ]. Several cases of severe intoxication, including lethal outcomes, have been associated with the intake of SCRAs, thus underlining the public health threat posed by these compounds [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase I In Vitro Metabolic Profiling of the Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists CUMYL-THPINACA and ADAMANTYL-THPINACA

Monti

Scheurer

Mercer‐Chalmers‐Bender

2021

Metabolites

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Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) remain popular drugs of abuse. As many SCRAs are known to be mostly metabolized, in vitro phase I metabolic profiling was conducted of the two indazole-3-carboxamide SCRAs: CUMYL-THPINACA and ADAMANTYL-THPINACA. Both compounds were incubated using pooled human liver microsomes. The sample clean-up consisted of solid phase extraction, followed by analysis using liquid chromatography coupled to a high resolution mass spectrometer. In silico-assisted metabolite identification and structure elucidation with the data-mining software Compound Discoverer was applied. Overall, 28 metabolites were detected for CUMYL-THPINACA and 13 metabolites for ADAMATYL-THPINACA. Various mono-, di-, and tri-hydroxylated metabolites were detected. For each SCRA, an abundant and characteristic di-hydroxylated metabolite was identified as a possible in vivo biomarker for screening methods. Metabolizing cytochrome P450 isoenzymes were investigated via incubation of relevant recombinant liver enzymes. The involvement of mainly CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in the metabolism of both substances were noted, and for CUMYL-THPINACA the additional involvement (to a lesser extent) of CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 was observed. The results suggest that ADAMANTYL-THPINACA might be more prone to metabolic drug−drug interactions than CUMYL-THPINACA, when co-administrated with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors.

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The synthetic cannabinoid 5F-MDMB-PICA: A case series

Cited by 39 publications

References 29 publications

Cocaine esterase occurrence in global wastewater microbiomes and potential for biotransformation of novel psychoactive substances

Cocaine esterase occurrence in global wastewater microbiomes and potential for biotransformation of novel psychoactive substances

Accidental Ingestion of a Novel Psychoactive Substance: A Case Report

Phase I In Vitro Metabolic Profiling of the Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists CUMYL-THPINACA and ADAMANTYL-THPINACA

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