The Syphilis After the Year 2000

Cusini, Marco; Ramoni, Stefano

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-02200-6_8

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…In its secondary stage, syphilis becomes a systemic disease due to hematic diffusion of TP, which typically occurs 3-12 weeks after the resolution of the chancre but can be concurrent as well. As opposed to the primary stage, secondary syphilis can produce a wide variety of signs and symptoms, [1][2][3] enough to give syphilis the pseudonym of "the great imitator". 4 Secondary syphilis most commonly consists of adnexal and mucocutaneous lesions but can also show generalized lymphadenopathy, malaise, sore throat, body aches and low-grade fever.…”

Section: Discussion Of the Casementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although syphilitic roseola and papulous lenticular syphiloderm are the most typical cutaneous presentations, numerous other types of syphiloderms have been described. [1][2][3][4] In case of annular manifestations, different dermatoses -such as dermatophytosis, annular granuloma and subcutaneous lupus erythematosus -should be considered. In such cases, a positive serology is not sufficient for diagnosis and a histopathological examination is generally required.…”

Section: Discussion Of the Casementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Syphilis is a bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) with worldwide diffusion caused by the spirochetae Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (TP). [1][2][3] Its course is conventionally divided into three stages interspersed by latency periods. [1][2][3] The clinical manifestation of primary syphilis is generally univocal, with a chancre appearing in the site of the infection, associated with regional lymphadenopathy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] Its course is conventionally divided into three stages interspersed by latency periods. [1][2][3] The clinical manifestation of primary syphilis is generally univocal, with a chancre appearing in the site of the infection, associated with regional lymphadenopathy. Conversely, secondary syphilis can produce a wide variety of signs and symptoms, [1][2][3] enough to give syphilis the pseudonym of "great imitator".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] The clinical manifestation of primary syphilis is generally univocal, with a chancre appearing in the site of the infection, associated with regional lymphadenopathy. Conversely, secondary syphilis can produce a wide variety of signs and symptoms, [1][2][3] enough to give syphilis the pseudonym of "great imitator". 4 The authors report a case of secondary syphilis presenting with multiple condyloma lata with both genital and extragenital involvement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Secondary syphilis with extra-genital condyloma lata: A case report and review of the literature

et al. 2022

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Background Syphilis is known as the “great imitator” because of its polymorphic clinical manifestations. Condyloma lata are an uncommon mucocutaneous manifestation of secondary syphilis, generally localized in intertriginous areas, such as the genitals and anus. Extragenital localization of condyloma lata is considered unusual. Methods A case study of extra-genital condylomata is presented. To contextualise the case, a literature review of extra-genital condylomata lata was subsequently undertaken. The authors searched MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus and Excerpta Medica/EMBASE English-language sources using the following keywords: “condyloma lata”, “condylomata lata”, and “condyloma latum”. Results Thirty-five papers (from 1940 to 2021) describing an extra-anogenital localization of condyloma lata were found and are summarized in Table 1. Patients were mainly males (82.1%), with a mean age of 31.9 years. Most of them showed other manifestations of secondary syphilis (53.9%). In a minority of cases (39.0%), concomitant anogenital condyloma lata were present, thus making the diagnosis easier. The toe web localization was the most documented (26.2%) followed by the oral cavity (23.8%). Conclusion In the presence of extra-genital condyloma lata, the differential diagnosis is not always clear, especially when no other muco-cutaneous lesions are observed. In the case of eroded or wet lesions involving any cutaneous fold, associated or not with other cutaneous manifestations, a sexual history should be obtained, and syphilis must be considered.

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Section: Discussion Of the Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussion Of the Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Secondary syphilis with extra-genital condyloma lata: A case report and review of the literature

et al. 2022

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Syphilis in der Chirurgie – sicher erkennen, richtig behandeln

Sterzing

2024

Chirurgie

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Clinical and laboratory features of 244 men with primary syphilis: a 5-year single-centre retrospective study

et al. 2021

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BackgroundSyphilis incidence has exponentially increased in recent decades, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). Primary syphilis is characterised by a chancre appearing at the site of Treponema pallidum (TP) inoculation. Atypical morphological variants of syphilitic chancre are frequent. Clinical suspicion must be confirmed either by the demonstration of TP within the lesion through direct tests, such as dark field microscopy (DFM) or T. pallidum nucleic acid amplification technique (TP-NAAT), or by serological tests.ObjectivesTo analyse the clinical features, the sexual behaviour and the role of diagnostic tests in a cohort of men with primary syphilis in Milan.MethodsEpidemiological, clinical and laboratory data of male patients with primary syphilis seen at the STI Center of the University of Milan between 2015 and 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. Diagnosis was confirmed by at least one positive diagnostic test of either DFM, TP-NAAT or serology.ResultsAmong a total of 244 patients, 160 (65.6%) were MSM and 32 (13.1%) were living with HIV. One hundred twenty-four (50.8%) patients had a clinically atypical chancre. Chancres were exclusively extragenital in 30 (12.3%) patients, with MSM being more commonly affected (MSM vs heterosexuals: 16.3% vs 4.8%, respectively; p=0.012), and anal region the most frequently involved site. Chancres were multiple in 68/242 (28.1%) patients and morphologically atypical in 76/244 (31.1%). Diagnosis was obtained by (1) both serology and direct methods in 158/244 patients (64.7%), (2) serology solely in 47/244 (19.3%) and (3) direct methods solely in 39/244 (16%). DFM yielded positive results in 83/139 (59.7%) patients, while TP-NAAT gave positive results in 114/121 (94.2%) patients.ConclusionsPatients with primary syphilis frequently present with morphologically atypical chancres. Furthermore, MSM commonly exhibit extragenital involvement. A combined diagnostic approach including both direct and indirect tests is needed.

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The Syphilis After the Year 2000

Cited by 3 publications

References 72 publications

Secondary syphilis with extra-genital condyloma lata: A case report and review of the literature

Secondary syphilis with extra-genital condyloma lata: A case report and review of the literature

Syphilis in der Chirurgie – sicher erkennen, richtig behandeln

Clinical and laboratory features of 244 men with primary syphilis: a 5-year single-centre retrospective study

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