The system controlling the composition of clastic sediments

Johnsson, Mark J.

doi:10.1130/spe284-p1

Cited by 322 publications

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“…Several studies have tried to characterize or quantify that influence, and to distinguish it from other factors that control sediment composition (e.g., Johnsson 1993), such as bedrock geology in the source area (Nesbitt and Young 1984;Grantham and Velbel 1988), mixing of material from different sources (Arribas and Tortosa 2003;Palomares and Arribas 1993) and alteration processes during weathering and transport (Nesbitt and Markovics 1997;Zhang et al 2002). So far, most studies that aimed to shed light on the quantitative relations between grain size and sediment composition have a low grain size resolution (e.g., in sand-silt-clay, Lim et al 2006), placed their attention on the sand domain only (e.g., Grantham and Velbel 1988;Nesbitt and Young 1996;Arribas and Tortosa 2003;Solano-Acosta and Dutta 2005;Kiminami and Fujii 2007), and/or use debatable statistical techniques that ignore the compositional nature of the data (e.g., Zhang et al 2002;Chandrajith et al 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain-Size Control on Petrographic Composition of Sediments: Compositional Regression and Rounded Zeros

Tolosana‐Delgado

Eynatten

2009

Math Geosci

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It is well-known that sediment composition strongly depends on grain size. A number of studies have tried to quantify this relationship focusing on the sand fraction, but only very limited data exists covering wider grain size ranges. Geologists have a clear conceptual model of the relation between grain size and sediment petrograpic composition, typically displayed in evolution diagrams. We chose a classical model covering grain sizes from fine gravel to clay, and distinguishing five types of grains (rock fragments, poly-and mono crystalline quartz, feldspar and mica/clay). A compositional linear process is fitted here to a digitized version of this model, by (i) applying classical regression to the set of all pairwise log-ratios of the 5-part composition against grain size, and (ii) looking for the compositions that best approximate the set of estimated parameters, one acting as slope and one as intercept. The method is useful even in the presence of several missing values. The linear fit suggests that the relative influence of the processes controlling the relationship between grain size and sediment composition is constant along most of the grain size spectrum.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain-Size Control on Petrographic Composition of Sediments: Compositional Regression and Rounded Zeros

Tolosana‐Delgado

Eynatten

2009

Math Geosci

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“…The mineralogical and geochemical compositions of sediments are influenced by numerous factors, including source rock composition, source weathering, sorting, heavy mineral concentration, tectonic setting of the depositional basin, and post-depositional effects such as diagenesis (Johnsson 1993, Roser 2000. Critical evaluation of the geochemical composition of sediments can determine the significance of these factors in individual sedimentary successions, as shown by many recent papers in the literature (Campos and Roser 2007;Hossain et al 2010;Dinis et al 2011;Long et al 2011;Yang et al 2011).…”

Section: Roy and Rosermentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry of Tertiary Sequence in Shahbajpur-1 Well, Hatia Trough, Bengal Basin, Bangladesh: Provenance, Source Weathering and Province Affinity

Roy

Roser

2014

J Life Earth Sci

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Major and trace element compositions of Neogene sandstones and mudrocks from the Shahbajpur-1 (SB-1) well, Hatia trough, Bengal basin, Bangladesh were determined to examine their geochemical characteristics and provenance, in relation to Himalayan uplift, sediment dispersal, and correlation of coeval successions in a basinal context. Major and trace element abundances in the SB-1 succession vary vertically, with SiO 2 content decreasing and Al 2 O 3 increasing from the older (Surma and Tipam Groups) to younger (Dupi Tila Group) sediments. Marked geochemical fractionation between sandstones and mudrocks reflects advanced hydrodynamic sorting, and relative enrichment of several elements (e.g., TiO 2 , Zr, Ce, Th, Cr) suggests sporadic heavy mineral concentration in some sandstones. Major and trace element provenance discriminants indicate a uniform felsic source (Himalayan detritus and recycled sediments) for the entire succession. Values for the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) record moderate weathering in the source, and non-steady state conditions produced by Himalayan uplift. Comparison between the Hatia trough samples and coeval Sylhet trough (P2) sediments shows that the more distal SB-1 succession is compositionally more uniform. Strong similarity in geochemical composition between SB-1 and P2 support the hypothesis that the Hatia trough is an extension of P2, fed by the same dispersal system. Key words: Geochemistry, provenance, weathering, sorting, Bengal basin, Bangladesh. mvivsk: GB M ‡elYvq kvnevRcy i-1 (SB-1), nvwZqv Uª vd, e½xq †ewmb, evsjv ‡`k Gi wbIwRb †e ‡jcv_i I K`© g wkjvi cÖ avb I m¦ í cwigv ‡bi †Uª m Dcv`v ‡bi fivmvqwbK ˆewkó¨ Ges Zv ‡`i Drm m¤ú ‡K© aviYv cÖvb Kiv nq Ges Gi m ‡½ wngvj ‡qi ea© bkxjZv, cj ‡ji web¨vm Ges †ewm ‡bi mgmvgwqK wkjv¯- ‡ii m¤úK© wbY© q Kiv n ‡q ‡Q| SB-1 wkjv¯- ‡ii cÖ avb I m¦ í cwigv ‡bi Dcv`vb Gi ch© vßZv Dj− w¤Kfv ‡e wfboe Zvi mv ‡_ SiO 2 Gi cwigvY n« vm Ges Al 2 O 3 e" w×i cÖ eYZv cÖ vPxbZg wkjv¯-i (my igv Ges wUcvg †kª Yx) †_ ‡K bexbZg wkjv¯- ‡i (Wy wc wUjv †kª Yx) †`Lv hvq| †e ‡jcv_i I K`© g wkjvi f-ivmvqwbK web¨¯-Zvq cÖ wZdwjZ nq †h, Dboe ZZi nvB ‡Wª vWvBbvwgK †kª Yx web¨¯-Zv Ges wewfboe Dcv`v ‡bi (TiO 2 , Zr, Ce, Th, Cr) e" w×i cÖ eYZv hv †`Lvq †h, †e ‡jcv_ ‡ii g ‡a¨ wew ¶ßfv ‡e fvix gvwY ‡Ki AvwaK¨| †gRi Ges †Uª m Dcv`vb †`Lvq †h, mg¯-wkjv¯- ‡ii Drm †djwmK (wngvj ‡qi wkjv Ges cỸ© AveZ© b cjj)| †KwgK¨vj AjUv ‡ik ‡bi Bb ‡W· (CIA) Gi cwigvY cÖ gvY K ‡i ga¨g AvenweKvi Mā' Zv Ges Amg my w¯' Z Ae¯' v hvnv wngvj ‡qi D×© ea© bkxjZvi Øviv cwiPvwjZ| Zz jbvgjKfv ‡e nvwZqv Uª v ‡di cjj wm ‡jU Uª vd (P 2 ) Gi cj ‡ji †_ ‡K MVbMZfv ‡e AwaK mgmZ¡ | SB-1 Ges P 2 Gi f-ivmvqwbK MVb cÖ gvY K ‡i †h, nvwZqv Uª vd P 2 Gi ewa© Z Ask hv GKB ai ‡bi cj ‡ji web¨vm Øviv MwVZ|

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“…The effect of chemical weathering depends on (1) intensity (controlled primarily by the climate and vegetation) and (2) weathering time. The second effect includes a complex set of factors, of which the physiography is particularly important (Johnsson 1993;Le Pera et al 2001). Higher CIA values may indicate more intense chemical weathering in more humid conditions or weathering in a sub-humid condition, whereas lower CIA values can be attributed to an influx of less weathered detritus under semi-arid conditions.…”

Section: Major Element Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Provenance analysis of the Permo-Carboniferous fluvial sandstones of the southern part of the Boskovice Basin and the Zöbing Area (Czech Republic, Austria): implications for paleogeographical reconstructions of the post-Variscan collapse basins

Nehyba¹,

Roetzel²,

Maštera³

2012

Geologica Carpathica

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Abstract:The provenance analyses of Permo-Carboniferous fluvial sandstones of the southern part of the Boskovice Basin and the Zöbing area are based on a wide spectrum of analytical techniques (petrography, heavy mineral assemblages, chemistry of garnet, rutile and spinel, zircon study, major and trace elements). The studied sandstones are poorly sorted and reveal a relatively immature composition implying short distance transport, rapid deposition, a high-relief source area, mainly physical weathering and the minor role of chemical weathering. Different source areas for the Boskovice Basin and the Zöbing area were proved. The Zöbing material was predominantly derived from crystalline units, mainly formed by metamorphic complexes, although the portions of magmatic and volcanic material were significant. The source area is supposed to be located in the Moldanubian Unit. The Boskovice Basin deposits, on the other hand, seem to be mainly derived from metamorphic complexes, corresponding especially to the Moravian Unit, with a relatively wider spectrum of metamorphites, together with the derivation of the detritus from pre-existing sedimentary rocks (especially from MoravoSilesian Paleozoic deposits/Drahany Culm unit). The transport direction in the basin was more complex, both from the west and east. These results did not confirm the possibility of communication between the Boskovice Basin and the Zöbing area during the Late Paleozoic. The existence of "colinear" marginally offset half grabens with predominant transversal sources is here hypothesized. The general heavy mineral evolution in time does not indicate the successive exhumation of a simple structured orogen but may be interpreted as differences in the extent of the source areas.

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The system controlling the composition of clastic sediments

Cited by 322 publications

References 0 publications

Grain-Size Control on Petrographic Composition of Sediments: Compositional Regression and Rounded Zeros

Grain-Size Control on Petrographic Composition of Sediments: Compositional Regression and Rounded Zeros

Geochemistry of Tertiary Sequence in Shahbajpur-1 Well, Hatia Trough, Bengal Basin, Bangladesh: Provenance, Source Weathering and Province Affinity

Provenance analysis of the Permo-Carboniferous fluvial sandstones of the southern part of the Boskovice Basin and the Zöbing Area (Czech Republic, Austria): implications for paleogeographical reconstructions of the post-Variscan collapse basins

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