The Tellus geochemical surveys, results and applications

Abstract

Ambitions to complete geochemical mapping across the island of Ireland were developed in the 1980s and the first phases began in western Northern Ireland in the early 1990s. Subsequent phases in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland were begun from 2004. The Tellus and Tellus Border geochemical sampling programmes of 2004-12 resulted in the most comprehensive maps of their kind for the northern region of Ireland. These programmes covered 30% of the island of Ireland, albeit at different sampling densities, with detailed soil and stream sampling. Soils were sampled at 10,335 sites and streams at a further 9501 sites. 1269 urban sites were sampled in Belfast and Derry-Londonderry. The survey methodologies followed the established sampling protocols of the GB Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment (G-BASE). Applying these systematic approaches of sampling and quality control was the foundation for developing coherent and comparable cross-border data sets. The samples were analysed by internationally accredited laboratories. In all media, typically around 55 inorganic chemical elements and ions, and physicochemical properties were analysed and measured. The maps of these elements reveal wide variations across the area, reflecting the influence of the underlying geology, mineralisation, and anthropogenic and environmental factors. The data, which are open and freely available, have prompted an increase in mineral exploration and research into a range of environmental questions.

River Sediment Geochemistry as a Conservative Mixture of Source Regions: Observations and Predictions From the Cairngorms, UK

“…Geochemical surveys such as G‐BASE are widely used as baselines for environmental monitoring (e.g., Young et al., 2016, and references therein). Higher order rivers are rarely included in sampling campaigns (for an exception, see Fordyce et al., 2004).…”

A Study of Natural Radioactivity Levels and Radon/Thoron Release Potential of Bedrock and Soil in Southeastern Ireland

“…According to the Tellus programme, the GSI has collected soil and stream samples at a density of approximately one sample every 4 km 2 . Through multi-element laboratory analyses using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), geochemical data are provided for 55 elements [ 31 ]. At the time of writing, there are no topsoil geochemistry data available for the study area.…”