The temporal and spatial distribution of volcanism in the South China Sea region

Yan, Ping; Deng, Hui; Liu, Hailing; Zhang, Zhirong; Jiang, Yukun

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2005.06.005

Cited by 255 publications

(217 citation statements)

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“…Because it is generally accepted that the formation of seafloor magnetic anomalies is related to creation of new oceanic crust during oceanic ridge spreading, the magnetic anomaly observed in the SCS [1,2] therefore can be regarded as a reflection of syn-spreading volcanism. The spatial distribution of the seafloor magnetic anomaly is roughly equivalent to that of magmatic activities [11] (Figure 1), and the forming time of these anomalies (i.e. late Oligocene to mid Miocene) is roughly the same as that of the volcanism.…”

Section: Previous Studies On Volcanic Rocks In the South China Sea Anmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…They thus proposed that rifting of the south China continental margin was related to a decrease in lithospheric strength, although Yan et al [11] have a different opinion.…”

Section: The Opening Of the South China Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Named the Hainan mantle plume, it may be responsible for the wide-spread Cenozoic alkali basalts in the Leizhou Peninsula, Hainan Island, SCS, and Indochina, affecting an area of over 4×10 6 km 2 (Figure 1) [8]. If the Hainan mantle plume does exist, the relevant questions include the following: Was the plume activity responsible for the opening of [9][10][11][12]). The distribution of syn-spreading magmas is inferred from seafloor magnetic anomalies [1,11].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…If the Hainan mantle plume does exist, the relevant questions include the following: Was the plume activity responsible for the opening of [9][10][11][12]). The distribution of syn-spreading magmas is inferred from seafloor magnetic anomalies [1,11]. The dashed circle outlines the area affected by the Hainan plume [8].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Opening and evolution of the South China Sea constrained by studies on volcanic rocks: Preliminary results and a research design

et al. 2011

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The South China Sea (SCS) is characterized by abundant seamounts, which provide important information about the evolution of the SCS and related deep processes. Cenozoic volcanism in the SCS and its surroundings comprises three stages relative to the spreading of the SCS: pre-spreading (>32 Ma), syn-spreading (32-16 Ma), and post-spreading (<16 Ma). The pre-spreading magmatism predominantly occurs on the northern margin of the SCS and in South China coastal areas and shows a bi-modal affinity. The syn-spreading magmatic activity was very limited on the periphery of the SCS, but may be concentrated in the SCS. However, seafloor samples of this stage are not available yet because of overlying thick sedimentary deposits. Post-spreading magmatism is widespread in the central and southwest sub-basins of the SCS, Hainan Island, Leizhou Peninsula, Thailand, and Vietnam. These are mainly alkali basalts with subordinate tholeiites, and display OIB-type geochemical characteristics. The Dupal isotope anomaly and presence of high-magnesian olivine phenocrysts suggests their possible derivation from the Hainan mantle plume. The temporal and spatial distribution of Cenozoic volcanism in the SCS and its surroundings may be accounted for either by plate stress re-organization before and after SCS spreading, or by ridge suction of plume flow during opening of the SCS. If the latter is the case, the volcanic rocks within the SCS basin may not be typical mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB). It remains puzzling, however, that the transition between the South China continental margin and the SCS basin does not have features typical of a volcanic rifted margin. Clearly, the relationship between mantle plume and SCS opening needs further evaluation. A better understanding of the link between deep processes and opening of the SCS not only requires enhanced studies on igneous petrogenesis, but also is heavily dependent on systematic sampling of seafloor rocks.

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Section: Previous Studies On Volcanic Rocks In the South China Sea Anmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…They thus proposed that rifting of the south China continental margin was related to a decrease in lithospheric strength, although Yan et al [11] have a different opinion.…”

Section: The Opening Of the South China Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Opening and evolution of the South China Sea constrained by studies on volcanic rocks: Preliminary results and a research design

et al. 2011

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“…Judging from the data available up to now, magmatic activities in the SCS occurred mostly after but only rarely before spreading. All the trawled basalt samples form the SCS postdate the oceanic crust and should represent the products of post-spreading magmatism [26][27][28]. The most prominent post-spreading magmatism includes the volcanic sea-mount chains in the deep basin, many of which are ranged along the relict spreading ridges and lacking a systematic investigation.…”

Section: Dynamic Mechanism Of Seafloor Spreadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing the life history of a marginal sea—On “The South China Sea Deep” Research Program

Wang

2012

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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the first large-scale basic-research program in ocean science in the country aiming to reconstruct the life history of a marginal sea. The overall scientific objective of the program is to dissect this typical marginal sea by studying its history of evolution and its modern processes, including the following three major components: (1) Development of the deep basin: utilizing new techniques to re-measure magnetic anomaly lineations, to explore the deep tectonic features, to drill the oceanic crust, and to study volcanic seamount chains; (2) deep-water sediments: observing the modern processes to reveal the patterns of deep-water circulations and sedimentation, analyzing deep-sea sediments to recognize paleoceanographic response to basin evolution, and subsequently to bridge the modern and paleo-studies of the deep-sea processes; and (3) biogeochemical processes: using a variety of techniques including deploying submarine observation and deep-water diving device to investigate the distribution patterns and environmental impacts of deepwater seepages and subbottom circulation, and to reveal the role of microbes in deep-sea carbon cycling. As compared with the open ocean and other marginal seas, the South China Sea enjoys many more advantages as a marine basin for reconstructing the life history. Meanwhile, the South China Sea Deep Program provides unique opportunities in studying the evolution and variations of the sea-land interactions between the Pacific and Asia.the South China Sea Deep, marginal sea, deep-sea process, life history, tectonic evolution, sedimentological response, biogeochemistry Citation:Wang P X. Tracing the life history of a marginal

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Rifting and magmatism in the northeastern South China Sea from wide‐angle tomography and seismic reflection imaging

et al. 2014

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We present a new travel time tomography velocity model and seismic reflection images that delineate the rift architecture and magmatic features of the rifted margin in the northeastern South China Sea. These data reveal moderately stretched crust~25 km thick along the continental shelf and thin but laterally variable crustal thickness in the distal margin. Along the continental slope, crust rapidly thins tõ 4 km in a basin characterized by tilted fault blocks that sole into a low-angle detachment. Strain was localized to a degree within the highly stretched basin but failed to progress to breakup and seafloor spreading. Crust in the distal margin is~12-15 km thick. Few extensional structures are apparent in the distal margin, but seismic velocities are suggestive of highly thinned and magmatically intruded continental crust. The magmatic features we interpret include volcanic zones at the top of the basement that deform or disrupt overlying postrift strata, sills intruded into the postrift sedimentary section, and a high-velocity (~6.9-7.5 km/s) lower crustal layer that we take to be magmatic underplating or pervasive lower crustal intrusions. These features primarily occur in the distal margin and may have been emplaced during postrift seafloor spreading. The postrift magmatism may have been induced by convective removal of continental lithosphere following breakup and the onset of seafloor spreading in the South China Sea.

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The temporal and spatial distribution of volcanism in the South China Sea region

Cited by 255 publications

References 51 publications

Opening and evolution of the South China Sea constrained by studies on volcanic rocks: Preliminary results and a research design

Opening and evolution of the South China Sea constrained by studies on volcanic rocks: Preliminary results and a research design

Tracing the life history of a marginal sea—On “The South China Sea Deep” Research Program

Rifting and magmatism in the northeastern South China Sea from wide‐angle tomography and seismic reflection imaging

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