The Temporary Abatement of Nuisance Species of Trichoptera With DDD (Tde) Larvicide

Abstract

Can. Ent. 104: 145-163 (1972)Nuisance species of riverine insects were temporarily eliminated from the Expo 67 site at Montreal in 1967 by four applications of an emulsifiable formulation of DDD (TDE) to the St. Lawrence River, one in each of the months of May, June, July, and August of 1967. In each treatment sufficient DDD was applied 1.5 miles above the infested rapids to provide a concentration of about 0.4 p.p.m. of DDD in the water, throughout a period of about 15 minutes. Each treatment caused the immediate detachment of about 98% of the Trichoptera larvae (mainly Hydropsychidae), and lesser percentages of other aquatic arthropods. No observable effects on fish were detected. Populations of arthropods, especially amphipods, rapidly restored themselves after each treatment. During August 1967, both amphipods and gastropods were more abundant in treated than in untreated rapids. Residues of DDD were negligible and were expected to be relatively non-persistent. Occasional swarms of Trichoptera of relatively minor proportions, detected at the Expo 67 site by light traps, presumably arrived on steady southerly winds from the untreated Lachine Rapids more than 7 miles upriver. Information about the decomposition of DDD and related chlorinated hydrocarbons in nature is reviewed.

Reactions of the Larvae of Three Rheophilic Species of Trichoptera to Selected Insecticides

“…Lack of time prevented testing additional chemicals. Partly because of these results, and partly because the effects of DDT and DDD in natural aquatic ecosystems, were better known than those of organophosphates, DDD was selected in 1966 for further tests in the St. Lawrence River to control the larvae of nuisance species of Trichoptera (Fredeen 1972). Several authors, reviewed in part by Fredeen (1972) have shown that residues of DDD are considerably less persistent than those of DDT or DDE, and that furthermore DDD does not possess the harmful estrogenic activity of DDE.…”

“…In 1965 and 1966 during the early stages of the Expo 67 Shadily Project at Montreal (Fredeen 1969) there was need to evaluate the effects of insecticides on the larvae of several nuisance species of Trichoptera that occurred in enormous June 1972 numbers in rapids of the St. Lawrence River. This is a report of the methods used and results from tests with three species.…”

Relative susceptibility of stream macroinvertebrates to temephos and chlorpyrifos, determined in laboratory continuous-flow systems

“…In other areas and under other conditions, closely related species of these two genera have been recorded as occurring in such enormous numbers that they constitute a serious nuisance in the adult state, and thus become undesirable "target" organisms. At the time of EXPO 67, control of this nuisance could only be done by extensive larviciding of the St. Lawrence River (Fredeen 1972a and b)…”

<p class="ZootaxaTitle"><strong>Effect of visible light sticks for collecting of adult caddisflies (Trichoptera): A preliminary field study</strong></p>

“…The mass emergence of adult aquatic insects often causes a severe nuisance, such as disruption of business, poor visibility, traffic problems, and foul odor (Munroe 1951;Peterson 1952;Osgood 1957;Fredeen 1972). Furthermore, Parlato (1929) identified the hairy wing of caddisfly as an inhalant allergen worldwide.…”