The tensile properties of some plastics at low temperatures

Abstract

Tensile tests have been carried out on polytetrafluoroethylene, polycaprolactam, polyvinyl chloride and polytrifluoromonochloroethylene at four temperature levels ranging from +20° to −196°C. The tensile strength of polytetrafluoroethylene increased from 1·44 × 103 lb./sq. in. at room temperature to 13·8 × 1033 lb./sq. in. at −196°c while the tensile strengths of polycaprolactam, polyvinyl chloride and polytetrafluoroethylene correspondingly increased from 9·5 × 103, 7·7 × 103 and 6·3 × 103 lb./sq. in. to 27·9 × 103, 19·7 × 103 and 16·2 × 103 lb./sq. in. respectively. The moduli of elasticity were similarly increased.

The Unusual Properties of Polytetrafluoroethylene Enable Massive‐Volume Vitrification of Stem Cells with Low‐Concentration Cryoprotectants

“…There was also no significant difference in the mean values of tensile stress at the maximum load between the two groups (Figure 2G (d)). These observations indicate the unusual stability of PTFE at cryogenic temperatures, consistent with the literature [17] . This together with the excellent flexibility of PTFE prompted us to explore the use of PTFE capillary as a flexible and stable vessel for massive-volume vitrification of cells.…”

“…To address the aforementioned challenges, a novel approach was developed to achieve low-CPA and massive-volume vitrification of cell-alginate hydrogel constructs by using multiscale biocompatible functional materials. In particular, flexible capillary made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, best known as Teflon for making non-stick cookware) that possesses exceptional stability at cryogenic temperatures [17] was employed as a flexible cryopreservation vessel. This can greatly expand the sample volumes for vitrification without compromising the heat transfer rate.…”

Interphase effect on the macroscopic elastic properties of non-bonded single-walled carbon nanotube composites

“…It has been shown that the dense interphase of PVC has a thickness of 3 Å, Young's modulus of 17 GPa, and Poisson's ratio of 0.40 [6]. The Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of the bulk PVC are 3.6 GPa and 0.38, respectively [24]. The overall elastic properties of 3P-NRVE can therefore be obtained by a 3D finite element analysis as explained in detail in Ref.…”

“…Rows AeD represent the schemes of: (A) all phases included, (B) vdW gap interphase excluded, (C) dense interphase excluded, and (D) both dense interphase and vdW gap excluded. The elastic properties of the bulk PVC from our previous atomistic simulation [6] and the experimental results available [24] are…”

Cryogenic Abrasive Jet Machining of Polydimethylsiloxane and Polytetrafluoroethylene at Different Temperatures

“…Also, PTFE is known to be more stable over a wide range of temperatures than other polymers due to its high melting point of 340°C [7]. PTFE is also known to retain ductility in tensile tests even at low temperatures (-196°C) [8]. For these reasons, PTFE shows great potential in the microfluidic sector.…”