The Texas Diesel Fuels Project, Part 1: Development of TxDOT-Specific Test Cycles with Emphasis on a “Route” Technique for Comparing Fuel/Water Emulsions and Conventional Diesel Fuels

DeFries, Timothy H.; Kishan, Sandeep; Smith, Michael V.; Anthony, Joe; Ullman, Terry L.; Matthews, Ronald D.; Lewis, Don

doi:10.4271/2004-01-0090

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Based on studies conducted on NO emission reduction methods, the application of water injection, use of water emulsified biodiesel, retarding of ignition timing and exhaust gas recirculation are the most frequently used techniques to achieve reduction in flame temperature [11]. Mainly, the emulsification technique is being applied to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions and to promote the combustion efficiency for fossil fuels [12]. The biodieseledieseleethanol fuel blend micro emulsions have shown stability well below subzero temperatures and have equal or superior fuel properties to regular diesel fuel [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation on diesel engine with diestrol–water micro emulsions

Kannan

Anand

2011

Energy

123

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation on diesel engine with diestrol–water micro emulsions

Kannan

Anand

2011

Energy

123

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“…The biodiesel emulsion A has the highest heat value after reducing its water content among these three fuels, which is primarily due to the occurrence of a larger extent of the micro-explosion phenomenon which results in a higher combustion efficiency during the burning process of the biodiesel emulsion [21]. The micro-explosion phenomenon from burning emulsified fuel with water has been observed and described in many previous studies [7,17]. Since the boiling point of water is lower than that for diesel fuel, the enveloped water component explodes through the outer oil layer after it has absorbed sufficient reaction heat for boiling.…”

Section: Combustion Heat Value Of Biodiesel Emulsionsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Cetane is used as improving additive and themodified feedstock composition can reduce NOx emissions from biodiesel [5]. The emulsification technique is also being applied to reduce NOx emission and to promote the combustion efficiency for fossil fuels [6,7]. It has been reported that 15% water in the diesel can give a reduction in NOx emission of up to 35% under regular conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Properties of a Two-Phase Biodiesel Emulsion

Chu

Jiu

et al. 2011

AMR

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Biodiesel is one of the most promising alternative clean fuels to fossil fuel, which can effectively reduce the emissions from fossil fuel burning. The high oxygen content in biodiesel can promote the burning process, but it can also increase NOx formation simultaneously, when biodiesel is used as fuel. Fuel emulsification is considered to be effective in reducing NOx emissions. In this study, soybean oil was used as raw oil to produce biodiesel by transesterification reaction. The biodiesel product was then emulsified with water and emulsifying surfactant to form water-in-oil (w/o) biodiesel emulsion. The biodiesel emulsion composed of 1.5% polyoxyethylated castor oil (EL-12), 0.7% lethicin and 0.5% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) was proved to have the better emulsifying activity (EA) and emulsifying stability (ES) values, and higher combustion heat than those of the neat biodiesel and reference biodiesel emulsion (with 2.7% EL-12 as the emulsifying surfactant).

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“…Among the various methods, the emulsification technique is being applied to enhance the performance and reduce emissions including NO x emission of fossil fuels. 145 The emulsification of different biodiesel performance and emission characteristics have been reviewed in the subsequent paragraphs.…”

Section: B Simultaneous Improvement In Performance and Emission Charmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel as an alternative fuel for direct injection diesel engines: A review

Kannan

Anand

2012

Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy

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Biodiesel is an alternative fuel to diesel engine that can replace or reduce the use of petroleum diesel. Biodiesel is derived from vegetable oils, animal fats, and waste cooking oils through transesterification reaction. This paper reviews the optimization of transesterification process for different varieties of biodiesel by considering the factors such as alcohols, fatty acid content, molar ratio of alcohols to oil, catalyst concentration, reaction temperature, and reaction time. The review also addresses various technical aspects of biodiesel usage in diesel engine to improve the cold flow properties, performance, combustion characteristics and reduce the emission characteristics, particularly nitric oxide and smoke compared to diesel through either modifying engine parameters like fuel injection pressure and timing or fuel modification by blending with alcohols, diesel, and metal based additives.

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The Texas Diesel Fuels Project, Part 1: Development of TxDOT-Specific Test Cycles with Emphasis on a “Route” Technique for Comparing Fuel/Water Emulsions and Conventional Diesel Fuels

Cited by 16 publications

References 5 publications

Experimental investigation on diesel engine with diestrol–water micro emulsions

Experimental investigation on diesel engine with diestrol–water micro emulsions

Fuel Properties of a Two-Phase Biodiesel Emulsion

Biodiesel as an alternative fuel for direct injection diesel engines: A review

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