The Theory of Beauty in the Classical Aesthetics of Japan

Izutsu, Toshihiko

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-3481-3

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…As would be expected, the distribution of fluorescent S, in the Brij 58/Carbowax-treated cells was different than the distribution of stain in glycerinated or formaldehyde fixed cells after antiactin or fluorescently labeled heavy meromyosin treatment (12,15,21,34,37) . The majority of interphase cells and all mitotic cells were diffusely stained and in only a few interphase cells were stress fibers predominant .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

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A permeabilized cell model for studying cell division: a comparison of anaphase chromosome movement and cleavage furrow constriction in lysed PtK1 cells.

Cande¹,

McDonald²,

Meeusen³

1981

The Journal of Cell Biology

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After lysis in a Brij 58-polyethylene glycol medium, PtK1 cells are permeable to small molecules, such as erythrosin B, and to proteins, such as rhodamine-labeled FAB, myosin subfragment-1, and tubulin. Holes are present in the plasma membrane, and the mitochondria are swollen and distorted, but other membrane-bounded organelles of the lysed cell model are not noticeably altered . After lysis, the mitotic apparatus is functional ; chromosomes move poleward and the spindle elongates . Cells lysed while in cytokinesis will continue to divide for several minutes. Addition of crude tubulin extracts, MAP-free tubulin, or taxol to the lysis medium retards anaphase chromosome movements but does not affect cleavage . On the other hand, N-ethylmaleimide-modified myosin subfragment-1, phalloidin, and cytochalasin B inhibit cleavage but have no effect on anaphase chromosome movements under identical lysis conditions . These results suggest that actomyosin plays no functional role in anaphase chromosome movement in mammalian tissue culture cells and that microtubule depolymerization is a rate-limiting step for chromosome-to-pole movements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…In one class of models, forces necessary to move chromosomes are generated by changing the lengths of the spindle microtubules (9,20,29,30) . Alternatively, forces are generated by dynein like cross-bridges and sliding microtubules (7,21,24,25,29,30,32) or by an actomyosin system interacting with a microtubule scaffold (5,10,12,34).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A permeabilized cell model for studying cell division: a comparison of anaphase chromosome movement and cleavage furrow constriction in lysed PtK1 cells.

Cande¹,

McDonald²,

Meeusen³

1981

The Journal of Cell Biology

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“…However, this study reexamines the concept of yoroshiki omokage in order to fully understand the philosophy of ikebana presented by Senno. This study further suggests that it might be this forgotten aspect of ikebana that shares common features with various Japanese art theories, or "the aesthetic Way" (Izutsu & Izutsu, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

The Kyoto Conference on Arts, Media and Culture 2022: Official Conference Proceedings

2022

KAMC Official Conference Proceedings

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Innovation is ethically neutral. Its value depends on how it is used. Technological developments do not change human nature. But they do change the ability to bestow benefits or inflict harm. The development of transplant technology and the mass killing in China of prisoners of conscience for their organs are linked. That this mass killing has been happening within the community of practitioners of the spiritually based set of exercises Falun Gong has been established beyond reasonable doubt. One independent researcher after another has come to that conclusion, as well as an independent tribunal. The mass killing of prisoners of conscience through forced organ has spread geographically and within prisoner of conscience groups as transplant technology has developed. In particular, the development of ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation technology) and machine perfusion, which is widely used in China, have allowed for organs to survive longer outside the body and be moved around China. The repression of the Uyghurs as well the depletion of the arbitrary detained Falun Gong population through organ extraction and the increased portabilflity of organs because of ECMO and machine perfusion have led to a partial shift in sourcing from local Falun Gong detained to repressed Uyghurs in Xinjiang province. The presentation would explore and explain abuse of transplant technology and its shift in victim populations as a case study of the harm that innovation can bring if not properly encased in legal and ethical norms.

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“…Attempts to localize dynein in the spindles of mammalian cells by immunological methods have, however, proved conflicting. Although the mitotic spindles of PtK1 cells and sea urchin eggs have been reported to react with antisera prepared against a tryptic fragment of dynein 1 (13,25), other workers using alTmity-purified antidynein antisera on PtK~ ceils have reached different conclusions (38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of microtubule sliding and an analysis of spindle formation and elongation in isolated mitotic spindles from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

King¹,

Hyams²,

Luba³

1982

The Journal of Cell Biology

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Mitotic spindles were isolated from a cell division cycle mutant of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by the lysis of sphaeroplasts on an air:buffer interface and were negatively stained with 1% gold thioglucose. Isolated spindles were incubated under conditions which promoted the sliding disintegration of parallel preparations of Tetrahymena axonemes, namely the addition of ATP to 20 p.M. In no experiment was a corresponding change in microtubule organization of the spindle observed, even when spindles were first pretreated with either 1-10/~g/ml trypsin or 0.2-2% Triton X-100.During these experiments a number of spindles were isolated from cells that had passed through the imposed temperature block, and from the images obtained a detailed model of spindle formation and elongation has been constructed. Two sets of microtubules, one from each spindle pole body (SPB), completely interdigitate to form a continuous bundle, and a series of discontinuous microtubules are then nucleated by each SPB. As the spindle elongates, the number of microtubules continuous between the two SPBs decreases until, at a length of 4#m, only one remains. The spindle, composed of only one microtubule, continues to elongate until it reaches .the maximal nuclear dimension of 8 #m. The data obtained from negatively stained preparations have been verified in thin sections of wild-type cells. We suggest that, as in the later stages of mitosis only one microtubule is involved in the separation of the spindle poles, the microtubular spindle in S. cerevisiae is not a force-generating system but rather acts as a regulatory mechanism controlling the rate of separation.The accurate segregation of duplicate sets of chromosomes during anaphase involves two mechanistically distinct events (31). The movement of the chromosomes to the spindle poles, anaphase A, is associated with the shortening of chromosomal fibres (12), while anaphase B, the separation of the spindle poles, is mediated through the elongation of the central spindle. Several of the models put forward to account for the latter envisage a sliding interaction between the microtubules from opposite poles linked by some form of mechanochemical coupling (19,23,28). Perhaps the most convincing evidence in favor of such a mechanism comes from electron microscope observations of spindle elongation in diatoms, where the extent of anaphase B separation is directly related to the degree of overlap of the two half-spindles (28). Recently, functional evidence has been obtained from lyzed models of PtK1 cells that suggest that the motor for this sliding reaction might be the Mg2+-ATPase dynein (5) and that the mechanism of anaphase B is analogous t o that responsible for ciliary and flagellar beating (35,36), despite the fact that the intrinsic polarity of the microtubules in the two systems is different. In a cilium, the outer doublets are polymerised in a unidirectional manner from a single organizing center, and sliding occurs between parallel microtubules (34); while, in the cen...

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The Theory of Beauty in the Classical Aesthetics of Japan

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

A permeabilized cell model for studying cell division: a comparison of anaphase chromosome movement and cleavage furrow constriction in lysed PtK1 cells.

A permeabilized cell model for studying cell division: a comparison of anaphase chromosome movement and cleavage furrow constriction in lysed PtK1 cells.

The Kyoto Conference on Arts, Media and Culture 2022: Official Conference Proceedings

Absence of microtubule sliding and an analysis of spindle formation and elongation in isolated mitotic spindles from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

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