The theory of reasoned action and self‐construal: Evidence from three cultures

Park, Hee Sun; Levine, Timothy R.

doi:10.1080/03637759909376474

Cited by 92 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Evidence shows that interdependents, whose identity remains dependent on the existence of the counterpart fulfilling the complementary roles, aim to maintain relational harmony and are more likely to accommodate requests from related others. In contrast, independents' necessity for others in formation of self-concept is relatively lower, hence resulting in less obligation to prioritize requests from counterparts over one's own needs (Park & Levine, 1999;Täuber & Sassenberg, 2012;Zhang, Ting-Toomey, Dorjee, & Lee, 2012).…”

Section: Independent-interdependent Self-construalmentioning

confidence: 81%

Predicting Alcohol Misuse Among College Students in the US and South Korea

Kim

Ahn

Lim

2015

Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse

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This study examines contributing factors of alcohol misuse among college students in South Korea and the U.S. Exploratory factor analyses (EFA) on measurements of alcohol expectancy, alcohol efficacy, and accommodation resulted in social and personal causes for alcohol misuse. Social causes alone predicted alcohol misuse for both countries. Social factors constituted a much stronger predictor of alcohol misuse among South Korean students than among American students. Practical implications for effective deterrence of student binge drinking are discussed.

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Section: Independent-interdependent Self-construalmentioning

confidence: 81%

Predicting Alcohol Misuse Among College Students in the US and South Korea

Kim

Ahn

Lim

2015

Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse

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“…Many scholars argue that national differences have been blurred due to increased contact between cultures (Craig & Douglas, 2006). For example, traditional Korean collectivism has been weakened under the influence of Western culture (Park, 1998), and two cultural orientations at the individual level of analysis have been found to co-exist within the country (Park & Levine, 1999). Further research with a larger and broader population should explore the validity of the cultural orientations at the national level as a function of use of social media.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Connection Overload? A Cross Cultural Study of the Consequences of Social Media Connection

LaRose

Connolly

Lee

et al. 2014

Information Systems Management

170

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Both positive and negative impacts of specific social media channels have been identified, but their cumulative impacts across media and across cultures have not been examined. A connection overload path model was developed from data gathered in Ireland, the United States, and Korea. The magnitude of connection demands reduced negative affect, while connection habits reduced negative outcomes and negative affect. Difficulties controlling connection habits were related to negative impacts on important life activities, stress, and affect. Cultural differences were interpreted through the individualism-collectivism framework. Collectivists may be buffered from mechanisms that can adversely impact psychological well-being.

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“…Some have described I-C as causing differences in self-construals (Gudykunst et al, 1996;M.-S. Kim, Aune, Hunter, Kim, & Kim, 2001; H.S. Park & Levine, 1999;Singelis & Brown, 1995); others have considered selfconstruals as synonymous with I-C (Oyserman et al, 2002;Taras et al, 2014) or have defined independenceinterdependence as an individual-level analog of culture-level I-C (Smith, 2011). The theoretical picture is complicated by the common use of similar items to measure both constructs.…”

Section: Individualism-collectivism and Self-construalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some researchers have investigated this link using nation as a proxy for culture among a small number of nations (Gudykunst et al, 1996; M.-S. Kim et al, 2001; H.S. Park & Levine, 1999;Singelis & Brown, 1995). However, this approach reinforces stereotypes by assuming that a nation is collectivistic or individualistic when in fact national samples may not vary as predicted (Matsumoto, 1999;Oyserman et al, 2002;Takano & Osaka, 1999).…”

Section: Study 2c: Associations With Cultural Individualism and Collementioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the ‘east–west’ dichotomy: Global variation in cultural models of selfhood.

Vignoles¹,

Owe²,

Becker³

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

438

375

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Copyright and reuse:Sussex Research Online is a digital repository of the research output of the University.Copyright and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable, the material made available in SRO has been checked for eligibility before being made available.Copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way.Article accepted for publication in Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xge0000175 © American Psychological Association (APA) This article may not exactly replicate the authoritative document published in the APA journal. It is not the copy of record. contrast between independence and interdependence does not adequately capture the diverse models of selfhood that prevail in different world regions. Cultural groups emphasize different ways of being both independent and interdependent, depending on individualism-collectivism, national socioeconomic development, and religious heritage. Our seven-dimensional model will allow future researchers to test more accurately the implications of cultural models of selfhood for psychological processes in diverse ecocultural contexts.Keywords: CULTURE; SELF-CONSTRUALS; INDEPENDENCE-INTERDEPENDENCE Twenty-five years ago, Markus and Kitayama (1991) published their classic article on culture and the self, proposing that people in different parts of the world tend to construe themselves in two fundamentally different ways. They argued that Western cultures are unusual in promoting an independent view of the self as bounded, unitary, stable, and separate from the social context, whereas cultures in other parts of the world emphasize an interdependent view of the self as closely connected to others, fluid, and contextually embedded. They proposed that people with independent self-construals would strive for self-expression, uniqueness, and self-actualization, basing their actions on personal thoughts, feelings, and goals. In contrast, people with interdependent self-construals would strive to fit in and maintain social harmony, basing their actions on situationally defined norms and expectations.Markus and Kitayama's (1991) proposals had a dramatic impact on social, personality and developmental psychology, challenging ethnocentric assumptions, drawing attention to cultural diversity, and providing conceptual tools for theorizing about it. Social and personality psychologists used measures and manipulations of self-construals to predict numerous outcomes: cognitive styles, well-being, self-regulation, selfesteem, communication styles, social anxiety, and pro...

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The theory of reasoned action and self‐construal: Evidence from three cultures

Cited by 92 publications

References 26 publications

Predicting Alcohol Misuse Among College Students in the US and South Korea

Predicting Alcohol Misuse Among College Students in the US and South Korea

Connection Overload? A Cross Cultural Study of the Consequences of Social Media Connection

Beyond the ‘east–west’ dichotomy: Global variation in cultural models of selfhood.

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