The Therapeutic Potential of Secreted Factors from Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Various Diseases

Abstract

An alternative source of mesenchymal stem cells has recently been discovered: dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), including deciduous teeth, which can thus comprise potential tools for regenerative medicine. DPSCs derive from the neural crest and are normally implicated in dentin homeostasis. The clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) involving DPSCs contains various limitations, such as high cost, low safety, and cell handling issues, as well as invasive sample collection procedures. Although MSCs implantation offers favorable outcomes on specific diseases, implanted MSCs cannot survive for a long period. It is thus considered that their mediated mechanism of action involves paracrine effects. It has been recently reported that secreted molecules in DPSCs-conditioned media (DPSC-CM) contain various trophic factors and cytokines and that DPSC-CM are effective in models of various diseases. In the current study, we focus on the characteristics of DPSC-CM and their therapeutic potential against various disorders.

The potential therapeutic roles of dental pulp stem cells in spinal cord injury

“…The paracrine effects of DPSCs have been highlighted in regenerative medicine. It has been reported that DPSCs can secrete many bioactive molecules such as interleukin (IL)-10, IL-13, follistatin, transforming growth factor-β1, hepatocyte growth factor, neural cell adhesion molecule-1, and adiponectin ( Ogata et al, 2021 ; Ogata et al, 2022 ). The bioactive molecules secreted by DPSCs can directly affect their own intracellular signal transduction, and can also indirectly cause neighboring cells to secrete functional active substances ( Mattei et al, 2021 ).…”

Nanomaterials Modulating the Fate of Dental-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Involved in Oral Tissue Reconstruction: A Systematic Review

“…9 As neural crest-derived cells, DPSCs can be used for cell therapy along several cell lineages. 51 Currently, many studies have demonstrated the ability of DPSCs in neural differentiation, angiogenesis, dentinogenesis, osteogenesis, and chondrogenesis, 41,42,[52][53][54][55][56] not only in the maxillofacial region but also in tissues throughout the body (eg, the brain, heart, cornea). Recently, their secreted factors have shown therapeutic potential in various diseases.…”

Analogies and Differences Between Dental Stem Cells: Focus on Secretome in Combination with Scaffolds in Neurological Disorders

“…Interestingly, some studies also suggested the superiority of the secretome obtained from DSCs compared to other MSCs sources, such as BM-MSCs and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs), for neuroprotection [ 121 ]. The secreted factors can be found in the cell culture medium called Conditioned Medium (CM) and in the Exosomes (Exos) they secrete [ 122 ], representing an attractive, noninvasive, and acellular tool for therapeutic approaches against various disorders [ 123 ]. A summary of the main factors found in the DSCs’ secretome is given in Table 2 .…”