The thermal cracking of canola and soybean methyl esters: Improvement of cold flow properties

Seames, Wayne; Yong, Luo; Ahmed, Irshad; Aulich, Ted; Kubátová, Alena; Šťávová, Jana; Kozliak, Evguenii

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.02.001

Cited by 58 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…ND not detected a For two samples b Using a batch reactor as described in ref [39] c Non-gaseous reaction effluent percentage based on the original feedstock hydrogen formed due to other concurrent reactions [15,17]. The observed short lifetime can be explained by the formation of acyloxyl radicals.…”

Section: Ca Product Speciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, the sp 3 C-sp 3 O bond energy is higher in methyl esters than in TG [38]. Thus, CME/SME thermal cracking was performed at slightly higher temperatures than those of TG and produced hydrocarbons along with shorter-chain fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), rather than CA, as major products [39]. The most significant specific feature of CME/SME cracking was the recovery of minor yet readily observable and quantifiable concentrations of branched and cyclic FAME ( Table 2; namely, 2-methylpropanoic, 2-methylbutanoic, 2-methylpentanoic, benzoic, methylbenzoic, cyclohexanecarbonic, phenyloctanoic and phenylnonanoic ME).…”

Section: Thermal Cracking Of Fatty Acid Methyl Ethersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cleavage of Carboxylic Acid Moieties in Triacylglycerides During Non‐Catalytic Pyrolysis

Kubátová

Geetla

Casey

et al. 2015

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Noncatalytic pyrolysis of triacylglyceride (TG) oils is an attractive option for production of renewable fuels and chemicals. This process produces 20–30 wt% of C2–C10 fatty acids due to the presence of carboxyl moieties in TG. To decipher this process’ mechanism, several compositionally distinct crop oil feedstocks with varied abundances of C18 saturated and unsaturated TG carboxylic acid chains were pyrolyzed for short residence times in a laboratory‐scale continuous turbulent flow reactor. A comprehensive gas chromatographic analysis of the oxygenated products revealed the selective formation of linear saturated monocarboxylic acids (LSMCA) of less than C11 in size, with a specific homological pattern featuring peaks for C2–C3, C7 and C9–C10 LSMCA. The relative abundance of these size groups varied amongst the feedstocks cracked due to variations in the abundance of triunsaturated (linolenic), diunsaturated (linoleic) and monounsaturated (oleic) acids, respectively, in the original TG. We proposed a mechanism explaining the observed product speciation and homology profiles by the formation of acyloxyl biradicals as essential intermediates. High‐temperature C=C π‐bond hydrogenation with a concomitant σ‐bond cleavage yields C9–C10 LSMCA. This new path was confirmed by pyrolysis experiments with triolein in a GC pyroprobe.

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Section: Ca Product Speciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermal Cracking Of Fatty Acid Methyl Ethersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cleavage of Carboxylic Acid Moieties in Triacylglycerides During Non‐Catalytic Pyrolysis

Kubátová

Geetla

Casey

et al. 2015

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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“…Seames et al [30] proposed several pathways for the thermal decomposition of methyl esters, including: (i) decarbonylation, (ii) demethylation followed by decarboxyla tion/deketenization, (iii) cracking of the products formed in the step i and ii and (iv) cracking of FAME. The hydrocarbon (and acid) products of the thermal decomposition of FAME are the same as triglycerides, therefore we could not differentiate between the two.…”

Section: Exp't Trx (Min)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CO and CO 2 MS signals are due to non-selective thermal decomposition of the triglycerides [20], methyl esters [30] and methanol by the CaO during the reaction cycle as well as the combustion of coke during the regeneration cycle. We considered that coke accounts for the products of the total non-selective reactions.…”

Section: Exp't Trx (Min)mentioning

confidence: 99%

One step cracking/transesterification of vegetable oil: Reaction–regeneration cycles in a capillary fluidized bed

Boffito

Manrique

Patience

2015

Energy Conversion and Management

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“…There are a number of potential feedstocks available for use in biodiesel production. These include vegetable oils such as rice [42], corn [43], soybean [44], tobacco [45], castor [46], sunflower [47][48][49], coconut [50], peanuts [51], cottonseed [52][53][54], canola [55], and rapeseed [56], in addition to acidic oil, yellow grease, and recycled restaurant oils [33,42,50,53,[57][58][59][60]. Moreover, a number of animal-derived fats tallow and lard can also be used [61][62][63][64].…”

Section: Utilization Of Available Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of low-temperature properties on biodiesel fuel: a review

Liu

2015

Int. J. Energy Res.

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Summary The use of biodiesel as a diesel fuel alternative is rapidly increasing. An important aspect of applying this alternative is the transportation and application in cold weather. In this article, different kinds of methods and technologies were briefly reviewed to improve the low‐temperature properties of biodiesel. The compositions of fatty acids would be effectively changed by choosing available material with high content of unsaturated fatty acids or by reducing saturated fatty acids via winterization process. Branched alcohols can be used to change biodiesel structures that improve the low‐temperature properties. As a technically feasible method, there is still a constant demand to search cost‐effective raw materials for economic branched alcohols production. In order to enhance the impact of crystal morphology and decrease freezing point, the blending chemical additives and petroleum fuels would be a promising method that have been widely used. Besides, other treatments such as epoxidation, hydroisomerization, and ozonization were also discussed. However, each method applied for improving low‐temperature properties of biodiesel should be effective and economical so that the biodiesel would continue to compete with fossil and other renewable fuels for market share. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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The thermal cracking of canola and soybean methyl esters: Improvement of cold flow properties

Cited by 58 publications

References 15 publications

Cleavage of Carboxylic Acid Moieties in Triacylglycerides During Non‐Catalytic Pyrolysis

Cleavage of Carboxylic Acid Moieties in Triacylglycerides During Non‐Catalytic Pyrolysis

One step cracking/transesterification of vegetable oil: Reaction–regeneration cycles in a capillary fluidized bed

Development of low-temperature properties on biodiesel fuel: a review

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