The Thermal Distortion of a Funnel Mold

2017

steel research int.

Self Cite

183

115

Continuous casting is a mature, sophisticated technological process, used to produce most of the world's steel, so is worthy of fundamentally-based computational modeling. It involves many interacting phenomena including heat transfer, solidification, multiphase turbulent flow, clogging, electromagnetic effects, complex interfacial behavior, particle entrapment, thermal-mechanical distortion, stress, cracks, segregation, and microstructure formation. Furthermore, these phenomena are transient, three-dimensional, and operate over wide length and time scales. This paper reviews the current state of the art in modeling these phenomena, focusing on practical applications to the formation of defects. It emphasizes model verification and validation of model predictions. The models reviewed range from fast and simple for implementation into online model-based control systems to sophisticated multiphysics simulations that incorporate many coupled phenomena. Both the accomplishments and remaining challenges are discussed.

Section: Thermal‐mechanical Behavior Of the Moldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermal‐mechanical Behavior Of the Moldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermal‐mechanical Behavior Of the Moldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermal‐mechanical Behavior Of the Moldmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Review on Modeling and Simulation of Continuous Casting

2017

steel research int.

Self Cite

183

115

“…The gap conductance between plates is 0 W/mAEK and between the plate and its steel band is 7 W/mAEK. For the stress model simulation, the friction coefficient, l, for the surface to surface contact areas between plates, between steel band and cassette (guide bumps), and between plate and cassette are taken as 0.1, [16] 0.3, [21] and 0.45, [16] respectively.…”

Section: A Model Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Stress Cracking of Slide-Gate Plates in Steel Continuous Casting

Lee

Kim

2016

Metall Mater Trans B

Self Cite

The slide-gate plates in a cassette assembly control the steel flow through the tundish nozzle, and may experience through-thickness cracks, caused by thermal expansion and/or mechanical constraint, leading to air aspiration and safety concerns. Different mechanisms for common and rare crack formation are investigated with the aid of a three-dimensional finite-element model of thermal mechanical behavior of the slide-gate plate assembly during bolt pretensioning, preheating, tundish filling, casting, and cooling stages. The model was validated with previous plant temperature measurements of a ladle plate during preheating and casting, and then applied to a typical tundish-nozzle slide-gate assembly. The formation mechanisms of different types of cracks in the slide-gate plates are investigated using the model and evaluated with actual slide-gate plates at POSCO. Common through-thickness radial cracks, found in every plate, are caused during casting by high tensile stress on the outside surfaces of the plates, due to internal thermal expansion. In the upper plate, these cracks may also arise during preheating or tundish filling. Excessive bolt tightening, combined with thermal expansion during casting may cause rare radial cracks in the upper and lower plates. Rare radial and transverse cracks in middle plate appear to be caused during tundish filling by impingement of molten steel on the middle of the middle plate that generates tensile stress in the surrounding refractory. The mechanical properties of the refractory, the bolt tightening conditions, and the cassette/plate design are all important to service life.

Thermal‐Mechanical Model Calibration with Breakout Shell Measurements in Continuous Steel Slab Casting

Iwasaki

Supplemental Proceedings

2012

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Heat-flow and thermal-stress models of continuous steel slab casting are calibrated with detailed measurements of a breakout and applied to predict longitudinal off-corner crack formation. First, a fluid mass balance is applied together with the measured slide-gate position, mold level, casting speed histories to reconstruct the transient events that occurred during the breakout, including the flow-rate and solidification time histories. An efficient one-dimensional (1-D) heat transfer model of the mold, CON1D, is calibrated to match the measured mold heat flux and thermocouple temperatures, with the help of a full 3-D finite-element model. Using these results, a finite-element thermal-stress model of the solidifying shell was able to match the measured shell thickness profiles, and was applied to reveal insights into interfacial gap conditions and other effects on the formation of off-corner longitudinal cracks and breakouts.