The thermomechanical processing of alpha/beta titanium alloys

Semiatin, S. L.; Seetharaman, V.; Weiss, Isaac

doi:10.1007/bf02914711

Cited by 180 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Semiatin et al [27] mention that titanium and its alloys are considered among the most difficult to process as there is a need to hot work these materials to obtain the desired microstructure giving it the mechanical properties that are required in critical applications. It is also well understood that stressrelieving treatments in titanium help reduce the undesirable residual stresses that result from processes such as hot forging, cold forming followed by straightening, and asymmetric machining.…”

Section: Experimental Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of stress relieving heat treatment on surface topography and dimensional accuracy of incrementally formed grade 1 titanium sheet parts

Behera

2016

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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The forming of parts with an optimized surface roughness and high dimensional accuracy is important in many applications of incremental sheet forming (ISF). To realize this, the effect of stress relieving heat treatment of grade-1 Ti parts performed before and after forming on the surface finish and dimensional accuracy was studied. It was found that heat treatment at a temperature of 540°C for 2 h improves the surface finish of formed parts resulting in a surface with little or no visible tool marks. Additionally, it improves the dimensional accuracy of parts after unclamping from the rig used for forming, in particular, that of parts with shallow wall angles (typically <25°). It was also noted that post-forming heat treatment improves the surface finish of parts. The surface topography of formed parts was studied using interferometry to yield areal surface roughness parameters and subsequently using secondary electron imaging. Back-scatter electron microscopy imaging results coupled with energy-dispersive Xray (EDX) analysis showed that heat treatment prior to forming leads to tool wear as indicated by the presence of Fe in samples. Furthermore, post-forming heat treatment prevents curling up of formed parts due to compressive stresses if the formed part is trimmed.

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Section: Experimental Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of stress relieving heat treatment on surface topography and dimensional accuracy of incrementally formed grade 1 titanium sheet parts

Behera

2016

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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“…hot extrusion and forging of powders and ingots at a temperature, T, higher than the α transus temperature, Tα, or lower than Tα but above the eutectoid temperature, Te [α α 2+ γ] 25-27 ; (4) thermomechanical treatment (e.g., forging plus heat treatment). [28][29][30] The third and fourth methods were widely used in previous studies, which involve mechanical treatments. The finest grain sizes reported so far are those obtained the by hot extrusion of ingots and by hot forging plus heat treatments.…”

Section: Review Relationship Between the Microstructures And Mechanicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceedings of the 18th Annual Conference on Fossil Energy Materials.

Judkins¹

2004

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“…Thermomechanical treatment (TMT) of titanium alloys is a promising technological solution not only providing high strength, but also enabling one to maintain satisfactory ductility characteristics [1,2]. Low temperature (LT) TMT is a type of thermomechanical treatment comprising the steps of quenching, cold working and subsequent aging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%