The Thicknesses of Choroid, Macular Segments, Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, and Retinal Vascular Caliber in Hiv-1–infected Patients Without Infectious Retinitis

Çetin, Ebru; Kutlu, Selda Sayın; Parca, Osman; Kutlu, Murat; Pekel, Gökhan

doi:10.1097/iae.0000000000002146

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The choroid can be affected by a number of systemic viral infections, as well as chronic systemic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. Thus far, studies have evaluated the relationship between the choroid and various viral infections, such as HIV and EBV [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How are central foveal and choroidal thickness affected in patients with mild COVID-19 infection?

Fırat

Kobat

2021

Bosn J of Basic Med Sci

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 on central foveal and choroidal thicknesses. Thirty-two patients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test who received outpatient treatment within the previous two months and 32 healthy controls were included in the study. Patients requiring hospitalization due to COVID-19 as well as the patients who received either intensive care support and/or antiplatelet therapy, smokers, or patients with systemic or ocular diseases were excluded from the study. After full ophthalmological examination, central foveal and choroidal thicknesses were evaluated by using optical coherence tomography. Statistical analysis of the study data demonstrated no significant difference between the groups in terms of age or gender (p > 0.05). There was also no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of central foveal thickness, central choroidal thickness, or nasal 500, nasal 1500, temporal 500, or temporal 500 micron distances (p > 0.05 for all parameters). Choroidal and retinal thicknesses were not affected in patients with recent mild COVID 19 without comorbidities. Read more in PDF.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How are central foveal and choroidal thickness affected in patients with mild COVID-19 infection?

Fırat

Kobat

2021

Bosn J of Basic Med Sci

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“…That decline could however be explained by functional changes without structural damage of the retinal ganglion cells or other cells implicated in vision. Indeed, decreased cone-photoreceptor density in HIV+ participants was found using an adaptive optics camera [59] and SD-OCT visualized possible changes in retinal layers other than GCL and RNFL [5,60,61]. Lower IOP in HIV+ participants was previously described and its causes are more likely multifactorial [61].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 84%

Absence of peripapillary retinal nerve-fiber–layer thinning in combined antiretroviral therapy-treated, well-sustained aviremic persons living with HIV

et al. 2020

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To compare peripapillary retinal nerve-fiber-layer (pRNFL) thickness, total retina macular volume, and ganglion-cell-layer (GCL) macular volume and thickness between persons living with HIV (PLHIVs) with well-controlled infections and good immune recovery, and sexand age-matched HIV-uninfected controls (HUCs). Methods This prospective cross-sectional study (www.clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02003989) included 56 PLHIVs, infected for �10 [median 20.2] years and with sustained plasma HIVload suppression on combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) for �5 years, and 56 matched HUCs. Participants underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) with thorough ophthalmological examinations and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Their overall and quadrant pRNFL thicknesses, total macular volumes, and GCL macular volumes and thicknesses were compared. Cerebral small-vessel diseases (CSVD) complied with STRIVE criteria. Results Median [interquartile range, IQR] ages of PLHIVs and HUCs, respectively, were 52 [46-60] and 52 [44-60] years. Median [IQR] PLHIVs' nadir CD4+ T-cell count and current CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio were 249/μL [158-350] and 0.

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“…The subclinical The choroid is the layer of the eye with the highest vascularization and is also affected by many other systemic viral diseases, such as Ebstein-Bar Virus (EBV), hepatitis B virus (HBV),Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). [33][34][35] Two mechanisms are proposed in the hematogenous spread of COVID-19 infection to ocular tissues. One is direct spread through ACE2-expressing vascular endothelial cells and the other is through infected leukocytes that cross the blood-retinal barrier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of COVID-19 on Retinal and Choroidal Thickness by Optical Coherence Tomography

Sümer

Subaşı

2023

Journal of Glaucoma

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The aim of our study was to evaluate the subclinical changes in the macula, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and choroidal thickness after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection using spectral domain optical coherence tomography.Methods: Our study was prospectively designed and involved 170 eyes of 85 patients. Patients with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)positive COVID-19 infection were examined in the ophthalmology clinic before and after infection were included. All included patients had mild COVID-19 with no hospitalization and no need for intubation. Control ophthalmic examination was repeated at least 6 months after PCR positivity. Macular and choroidal thickness and RNFL parameters were compared before and at least 6 months after PCR-positive COVID-19 infection using optical coherence tomography.Results: When the mean macular thickness data were evaluated, a significant decrease was detected in the inner (mean difference, −3.37 µm; 95% CI: −6.09 to −0.65, P = 0.021) and outer (mean difference, −6.56 µm; 95% CI: −9.26 to −3.86, P < 0.001) temporal segments and the inner (mean difference, −3.39 µm; 95% CI: −5.46 to −1.32, P = 0.002) and outer (mean difference, −2.01 µm; 95% CI, −3.70 to −0.31, P = 0.018) superior segments in the post-COVID-19 measurements compared with pre-COVID-19 measurements. Similarly, on RNFL evaluation, some thinning was evident in the temporal superior (mean = 1.14 µm, P = 0.004) and temporal inferior (mean = 1.30 µm, P = 0.032) regions. All choroidal regions, including central, nasal 500 µm and 1500 µm and temporal 500 µm and 1500 µm, exhibited significant thinning (P < 0.001). Conclusion:At least 6 months after mild COVID-19 infection, significant thinning was seen in the temporal and superior quadrants of the macula, the temporal superior and temporal inferior regions of the RNFL, and all measured areas of choroidal regions.

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The Thicknesses of Choroid, Macular Segments, Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, and Retinal Vascular Caliber in Hiv-1–infected Patients Without Infectious Retinitis

Abstract: Choroidal thickness was thinner in newly diagnosed patients compared with patients on treatment. Viral load showed negative correlation with choroidal thickness. Retinal segmental alterations occurred in HIV-infected patients compared with control subjects.

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

How are central foveal and choroidal thickness affected in patients with mild COVID-19 infection?

How are central foveal and choroidal thickness affected in patients with mild COVID-19 infection?

Absence of peripapillary retinal nerve-fiber–layer thinning in combined antiretroviral therapy-treated, well-sustained aviremic persons living with HIV

Effects of COVID-19 on Retinal and Choroidal Thickness by Optical Coherence Tomography

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