The third wave: mixed migration from Zimbabwe to South Africa

Crush, Jonathan; Chikanda, Abel; Tawodzera, Godfrey

doi:10.1080/00083968.2015.1057856

Cited by 61 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This shift in immigration behaviour towards greater permanence makes the question of access to and quality of healthcare even more significant for Zimbabwean migrants working and living in South Africa-particularly those who cannot afford private sector healthcare (Crush et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A survey of recent Zimbabwean migrants to South Africa showed that more recent migrants were staying longer, returning home less frequently and increasingly viewing South Africa as a place for long-term residence (Crush et al 2012). This shift in immigration behaviour towards greater permanence makes the question of access to and quality of healthcare even more significant for Zimbabwean migrants working and living in South Africa-particularly those who cannot afford private sector healthcare (Crush et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Giving Birth in a Foreign Land: Exploring the Maternal Healthcare Experiences of Zimbabwean Migrant Women Living in Johannesburg, South Africa

Makandwa

Vearey

2017

Urban Forum

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Maternal mortality in South Africa is unacceptably high, and interventions to address this are urgently needed. Whilst urban centres, such as Johannesburg, are home to significant numbers of non-national migrant women, little is known about their maternal healthcare experiences. In order to inform future research, an exploratory study investigating the maternal healthcare and help-seeking experiences of migrant women living in inner-city Johannesburg was undertaken. Intersections between migration, maternal health and life in the city were explored through semi-structured interviews with 15 Zimbabwean women who had engaged with the public healthcare system in Johannesburg during pregnancy and childbirth. Interviews were dominated by reports of verbal abuse from healthcare providers and delays in receiving careparticularly at the time of delivery. Participants attributed these experiences to their use of English-rather than other South African languages; further work comparing this with the experiences of nationals is required. Beyond the healthcare system, the study suggests that the well-being of these migrant women is compromised by their living and working conditions in the city: maintaining access to income-generating activities is prioritised over accessing antenatal care services. Migrant Zimbabwean women make use of their religious and social networks in the city to inform help-seeking decisions during pregnancy and delivery. Improving the maternal healthcare experiences of urban migrant women should contribute to reducing maternal mortality in South Africa. Further research is required to inform interventions to improve the maternal health of migrant women in the city, including the multiple determinants of urban health that operate outside the biomedical healthcare system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giving Birth in a Foreign Land: Exploring the Maternal Healthcare Experiences of Zimbabwean Migrant Women Living in Johannesburg, South Africa

Makandwa

Vearey

2017

Urban Forum

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“…With Zimbabwe, especially the southwestern parts, experiencing political instability, and South Africa edging closer towards independence from Apartheid rule, the 1980s repositioned Zimbabwe as both a sender and conduit for increased southward human mobility. Nevertheless, it is the post-1990 phase that, for several reasons, saw such movement increase significantly in volumes, become mixed in nature (Crush, Chikanda, & Tawodzera, 2015), and significantly tied up to broader informalisation processes (Schierup, 2016(Schierup, , 2017.…”

Section: 'No Black In the Rainbow'mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Today, the term mixed migration (van Hear 2011, in Crush, Chikanda, & Tawodzera, 2015 has been proposed to capture mobility beyond just legal status. 14 One vestige of this colonial/ apartheid edifice is that despite the mixed nature of irregular migrants arriving across the Limpopo today, northern farmers often still determine how, for how long, and when residence and work permits of 'their' migrant workers can be issued or terminated by the state.…”

Section: Precarious Labourmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genesis of mixed migration (Crush, Chikanda, & Tawodzera, 2015), beginning with displacement from the 1980s, found further impetus in the 1990s as economic structural adjustment programmes drove increasing numbers of economic migrants from diverse socio-economic backgrounds to South Africa in search for work (Lovemore M Zinyama, 2000). But, the end of apartheid in the early 1990s did not translate into the relaxation of immigration controls into South Africa.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Hyenas of the Limpopo: The Social Politics of Undocumented Movement Across South Africa’s Border with Zimbabwe

Tshabalala¹

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Informality and the context of reception in South Africa's new immigrant destinations

Theodore

Pretorius

Blaauw

et al. 2017

Population Space and Place

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This study examines the context of reception for Zimbabwean migrants who are engaged in South Africa's informal economy. It seeks to contribute to two areas of migration scholarship:(a) the emergence of new immigrant destinations in the global South and (b) the role of the informal economy in shaping the context of reception for migrants in new gateway cities.Through surveys of Zimbabwean day labourers in Tshwane (formerly Pretoria), we document the poverty and the food and housing insecurity these migrants and their dependents endure resulting from underemployment in the informal economy. The analysis presented here suggests that although it has received little attention from migration scholars, the informal economy can play a significant role in shaping the context of reception for immigrants in the new gateway cities of the global South. In many destination countries, the informal economy absorbs large numbers of migrants, making it an important, if flawed, source of employment, earnings, and remittances.With increasing levels of migration to major cities, the informal economy has become a key arena of migrant incorporation, with far-reaching implications for lives and livelihoods.

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The third wave: mixed migration from Zimbabwe to South Africa

Cited by 61 publications

References 31 publications

Giving Birth in a Foreign Land: Exploring the Maternal Healthcare Experiences of Zimbabwean Migrant Women Living in Johannesburg, South Africa

Giving Birth in a Foreign Land: Exploring the Maternal Healthcare Experiences of Zimbabwean Migrant Women Living in Johannesburg, South Africa

Hyenas of the Limpopo: The Social Politics of Undocumented Movement Across South Africa’s Border with Zimbabwe

Informality and the context of reception in South Africa's new immigrant destinations

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