The Thoracic Outlet Compression Syndrome— a Reappraisal

Pain in Shoulder and Arm

“…At early stages, physical therapy alone can correct many of the forementioned situations (12,13,15,18,22,37,49,50,64,66,67,70,74) Reconstruction of the subclavian vein 269 -The occasional presence of the terminal valve of the subclavian vein etween the clavicle and the first rib may be a further occlusive "CONSTITUTIONAL" factor. At early stages, physical therapy alone can correct many of the forementioned situations (12,13,15,18,22,37,49,50,64,66,67,70,74) Reconstruction of the subclavian vein 269 -The occasional presence of the terminal valve of the subclavian vein etween the clavicle and the first rib may be a further occlusive "CONSTITUTIONAL" factor.…”

“…the clinical status of the venous return, the controls of the venous pressure with phlebodynamometric tests (12, 37, 74, 75, the controls of the venous pressure with phlebodynamometric tests (12,37,74,75,80,88,89). the type, length and situation of the coagulum demonstrated by phlebograms, with special consideration for the patency of the central outlets of the cephalic and "first rib collateral" veins (3,27,29,30,31,61,74,76,85,86,87).…”

“…The many denominations for the few types of occlusion of the deep veins in the upper limbs reflect the rather inaccurate understanding of the situations (5,9,10,18,19,20,21,24,37,43,47,74,80,85,86,87,88,92): -"Effort," "idiopathic," "primary," "secondary," "subclavicular," "stress," "morning," "spontaneous subclavian," "iatrogenic," ... thromboses (1, 3, 16, 23, 47, 58, 61, 62, 75) -"Paget-Von Schrotter" syndrome (29,31,43,61) -"Axillary," "subclavian," "axillo-subclavian" ... occlusion or thrombophlebitis (23, 32, 45, 72) -"Venous claudication," -"Venospasm," -"Intermittent venous occlusion" (2,27,41,44,45,56,57,76,77,91) -Element of a "brachial plexus," "costoclavicular," "thoracic outlet," "thoracic inlet," "thoracic aperature," "scapular girdle," "shoulder girdle," "upper limb hilus," "hyperabduction," "thoracic outlet compression" "thoracic operculum," "scalenius anticus," "scapulo-thoracic passage," ... syndromes (4,13,25,32,33,45,49,50,52,53,57,…”

“…The surgical procedures generally advocated are mostly "indirect," such as first rib excision or claviculectomy (1,2,3,10,12,18,19,20,22,25,26,33,37,43,49,50,52,69,70,74,79,80).…”