2020
DOI: 10.26721/spafajournal.v4i0.623
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The Three-Age System: A Struggle for Southeast Asian Prehistoric Periodisation

Abstract: This article explores the concept of the “Three-Age System” that has to some extent stymied the conceptualization of Southeast Asian prehistory. The direct transfer of this system from its European application to Southeast Asia has substantially influenced the analysis and characterization of Southeast Asian data. In particular, the chronological division of ‘Bronze Age’ and ‘Iron Age’ has overemphasized the linkage between the development of metal technology in relation to socio-economic development. It is ag… Show more

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Cited by 5 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…On the other hand, some Thai scholars argue that labeling ancient cultures with place names creates a fictional center that may inadvertently undermine and undervalue the diversity of artifact typology in different places (Kanjanajuntorn, 2020).…”
Section: The Past and Present Of Bronze Drum Studiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…On the other hand, some Thai scholars argue that labeling ancient cultures with place names creates a fictional center that may inadvertently undermine and undervalue the diversity of artifact typology in different places (Kanjanajuntorn, 2020).…”
Section: The Past and Present Of Bronze Drum Studiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Even though this has met criticism (e.g. Kanjanajuntorn 2020), it is still influential in metallurgical research (see, for example, recent research on the abandonment of metal tools by North American hunter-gatherers) (Bebber et al 2021). Hence, there is a non-questionable departure in much of the literature that iron technology is guided by a pre-existing understanding and knowledge of bronze and copper (see recently Eliyahu-Behar et al 2013).…”
Section: Long-standing Views In European Iron Researchmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This wellknown Neolithic culture dispersed its material cultures in Thailand's west-central region and the Malay Peninsula. The excavation at Bang site and Lue site where are on the old river terrace of the Kwae Noi River tributary and far from BTP, about 1.6 kilometres, uncovered 47 burials associated with the grave goods like the earthen vessels, stone adzes, and the shell beads and ornaments can be the relative and absolute date to the Neolithic period approximately 3,720-3,310 BP, excluding two vaults from Bang site that related to the Iron Age (Per Sorensen and Hatting 1967) After that, there are at least two archaeological research projects under direction by Thai scholars and their colleagues (Pookajorn et al 1981;Phongmas 2001) but still have a lack of the Bronze age evidence, and the concept of the Three-Age system in this region have a limitation (Kanjanajuntorn 2020). However, in 2016, the TOT (The Telephone Organization of Thailand) staff accidentally found some pottery fragments while setting up a primary cell tower conduces to the rescue excavation and allowing the 2 nd Regional Office of Fine Arts Department Suphanburi to form a complete systematic archaeological excavation since 2018 through 2021 under the direction of Supamas Duangsakul and her colleagues (The 2 nd Regional Office of Fine Arts Department Suphanburi 2020).…”
Section: Mrsmentioning
confidence: 99%