The three faces of conversion in the USA

Ward, Michael D.; Cohen, Jordin S.; Betsill, Michele M.

doi:10.1080/10430719508404827

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Although economic growth may be a by-product of peace, in the longer-term, those looking for economic benefits in the short term will likely be disappointed. Peace through disarmament will lead to short-term costs, but long-term benefits, precisely the opposite findings discussed above in Ward et al (1995). This should come as no surprise, since at least in theory, disarmament is the opposite of defence spending.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Other examples of recent work on defence conversion in the superpowers includes Bougrov (1994), Cassidy and Bischak (1993), Kapstein (1993), Lall et al (1992) and Bischak (1991). Ward et al (1995) argue that true conversion, in which defence plants are transformed into civilian good producers, is unlikely in the near term. Looking at Lockheed-Martin and the Rocky Flats Nuclear Facility, the authors found that even six years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, and despite numerous press releases to the contrary, both firm and government structure remained highly focused on defence production, maintenance, and clean-up.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Using an approach similar to Ward et al (1995), we argue that three core issues, or spheres, as illustrated in Fig. 1, need to be addressed in Russia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Employment shifts are more noticeable in these two countries. Ward et al (1995) examine some conversion issues in the United States. Using a three pronged typology, they examine the effects of conversion at the level of the firm (LockheedMartin), a Cold War government relic (Rocky Flats), and government ideology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to include this enterprise-level analysis, because as Ward et al (1995) argue, defence conversion must be accomplished on three interconnected levels simultaneously. One example of a successful turnaround is MAPO, the Moscow Aircraft Production Organization, which was formed when the Kamov helicopter concern Downloaded by [Colorado College] at 16:25 04 November 2014 merged with the MiG aircraft concern in January 1996.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Great expectations: Russian defence conversion†

Cohen¹,

Ward²

1998

Defence and Peace Economics

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Conversion of defence industries is neither simple in concept nor execution. While many wish to paint a rosy future and extol the costless benefits, pragmatists stress the real and nominal disincentives to converting. Regarding the process in Russia, we outline what is involved and show that long-term obstacles remain. Conversion is not a state of nature, nor can it be imposed by domestic or international actors. Rather, it is a process, evolving from the new realities of the post-Cold War world.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Using an approach similar to Ward et al (1995), we argue that three core issues, or spheres, as illustrated in Fig. 1, need to be addressed in Russia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Great expectations: Russian defence conversion†

Cohen¹,

Ward²

1998

Defence and Peace Economics

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Conversion of Russian chemical weapons production facilities: Conflicts with the CWC

Ouagrham¹

2000

The Nonproliferation Review

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Defense Expenditures and Economic Growth in Israel: The Indirect Link

Cohen

Stevenson

Mintz

et al. 1996

Journal of Peace Research

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Evidence from Israel suggests that economic growth may benefit from increased investment rates and cuts in defense spending - in other words, an economic `peace dividend'. Recent scholarly work, however, focusing on short-term, direct impacts, has provided little evidence for the existence of such a peace dividend in other parts of the world or in Israel itself. In this article, we address these competing views by exploring some important indirect, longer-term effects of defense spending on the Israeli macroeconomy. Our results indicate that a short-term focus fails to reveal the process through which a small, positive economic peace dividend appears to be operating in Israel. Rather, the main features of this process are indirect, long-term, and nuanced, operating through investment, delayed several years, with non-military government spending acting as a crucial intervening variable in the process. Whether the decline of defense spending will continue to be associated with rapid economic growth in Israel is problematic. However, like the defense-economy linkage in Israel, so too may the peace dividend operate indirectly and only in the long term. Our analysis shows that these linkages are not static, but change in important and dramatic ways over time.

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The three faces of conversion in the USA

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Great expectations: Russian defence conversion†

Great expectations: Russian defence conversion†

Conversion of Russian chemical weapons production facilities: Conflicts with the CWC

Defense Expenditures and Economic Growth in Israel: The Indirect Link

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