The three-stratum theory of cognitive abilities: Test of the structure of intelligence across the life span

Bickley, Patricia G.; Keith, Timothy Z.; Wolfle, Lee M.

doi:10.1016/0160-2896(95)90013-6

Cited by 127 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The g factors derived from different well-chosen arrays of tests, often specified by a competing theory, are so highly correlated that they are essentially identical. A large number of replicated empirical findings supporting this conclusion are reported in detail in Carroll Standardized factor loadings for the three-stratum theory of intelligence (from Bickley et al, 1995). (1993).…”

Section: Nature Of "G" and Special Mental Abilitiesmentioning

confidence: 71%

Genetic and environmental influences on human psychological differences

2002

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Psychological researchers typically distinguish five major domains of individual differences in human behavior: cognitive abilities, personality, social attitudes, psychological interests, and psychopathology (Lubinski, 2000). In this article we: discuss a number of methodological errors commonly found in research on human individual differences; introduce a broad framework for interpreting findings from contemporary behavioral genetic studies; briefly outline the basic quantitative methods used in human behavioral genetic research; review the major criticisms of behavior genetic designs, with particular emphasis on the twin and adoption methods; describe the major or dominant theoretical scheme in each domain; and review behavioral genetic findings in all five domains. We conclude that there is now strong evidence that virtually all individual psychological differences, when reliably measured, are moderately to substantially heritable.

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Section: Nature Of "G" and Special Mental Abilitiesmentioning

confidence: 71%

Genetic and environmental influences on human psychological differences

2002

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“…Some cross-sectional studies have provided empirical support for cognitive dedifferentiation in older adults (Babcock et al 1997;Baltes et al 1980;Hertzog and Bleckley 2001). In other cross-sectional studies, contrary findings, i.e., a differentiation of cognitive abilities with age, have been reported (Cunningham et al 1975;Schmidt and Botwinick 1989;Tomer andCunningham 1993, Tucker-Drob andSalthouse 2008), or results supported neither differentiation nor dedifferentiation (Bickley et al 1995;Cunningham and Birren 1980;JuanEspinosa et al 2000JuanEspinosa et al , 2002Park et al 2002;Sims et al 2009). Thus, the question of dedifferentiation appears to represent an unresolved issue in cross-sectional data.…”

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confidence: 79%

Five views of a secret: does cognition change during middle adulthood?

Zimprich

Mascherek

2010

Eur J Ageing

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This study examined five aspects of change (or stability) in cognitive abilities in middle adulthood across a 12-year period. Data come from the Interdisciplinary Study on Adult Development. The sample consisted of N = 346 adults (43.8 years on average, 48.6% female). In total, 11 cognitive tests were administered to assess fluid and crystallized intelligence, memory, and processing speed. In a first series of analyses, strong measurement invariance was established. Subsequently, structural stability, differential stability, stability of divergence, absolute stability, and the generality of changes were examined. Factor covariances were shown to be equal across time, implying structural stability. Stability coefficients were around .90 for fluid and crystallized intelligence, and speed, indicating high, yet not perfect differential stability. The coefficient for memory was .58. Only in processing speed the variance increased across time, indicating heterogeneity in interindividual development. Significant mean-level changes emerged, with an increase in crystallized intelligence and decline in the other three abilities. A number of correlations among changes in cognitive abilities were significant, implying that cognitive changes in middle adulthood share up to 50 percent of variance.

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“…Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted (Bickley et al, 1995;Taub & McGrew, 2004;Reynolds, Keith, Fine, Fisher, & Low, 2007) to confirm the hierarchical structure of the CHC model across various age groups. These studies found support for the stability of the general factor as well as seven to eight broad abilities across the life span.…”

Section: Empirical Support For the Chc Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile analysis of the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition, with African American and Caucasian preschool children

Dale

McIntosh

Ward

et al. 2011

Psychology in the Schools

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This study used profile analysis to investigate the interpretability of the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition (KABC‐II), in terms of the Cattell‐Horn‐Carroll (CHC) theory among ethnically diverse preschool children. Forty‐nine African American and 49 Caucasian preschool children from a Midwestern city were included in the study and were matched for age, sex, and level of parental education. The profile analysis examining CHC broad abilities showed that the African American and Caucasian preschool children had similar patterns of highs and lows and performed at the same level with no significant difference between the two groups in their overall mean IQ. Profile analysis of the KABC‐II subtests found that although the African American and Caucasian groups performed overall at a similar level, they did not show the same pattern of highs and lows in subtest performance. Specifically, Caucasian preschoolers scored significantly higher than their African American counterparts on the Expressive Vocabulary subtest. Overall, the two groups displayed remarkably similar performance on the KABC‐II. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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The three-stratum theory of cognitive abilities: Test of the structure of intelligence across the life span

Cited by 127 publications

References 29 publications

Genetic and environmental influences on human psychological differences

Genetic and environmental influences on human psychological differences

Five views of a secret: does cognition change during middle adulthood?

Profile analysis of the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition, with African American and Caucasian preschool children

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