The tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove distance; a comparative study between CT and MRI scanning

Schoettle, Philip B.; Zanetti, M.; Seifert, Burkhardt; Pfirrmann, Christian W. A.; Fucentese, Sandro F.; Roméro, J.

doi:10.1016/j.knee.2005.06.003

Cited by 472 publications

(445 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

415

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This program allows linear and angular measurements to be made on axial images and maintained while scrolling through successive axial images. Measurements were performed in a similar manner as used in previous studies [7,20,30], and are described in detail below.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although measuring lateral offset of the extensor mechanism using MRI has been reported [2,3,14,20,30], the methods for doing so have not yet been validated [23,26]. One deficiency is in defining which landmarks should be chosen to measure lateral offset.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One deficiency is in defining which landmarks should be chosen to measure lateral offset. The tibial tubercle and the osseous trochlear groove are uniform landmarks in numerous studies using CT [7,12,13,16,29], but better observation of soft tissues has led to variability in landmark selection in studies using MR images [2,3,14,20,30]. One study [20] compared MR and CT images for measurement of lateral offset using traditional osseous landmarks and a more functional soft tissue landmark (the distance from the center of the patellar tendon to the trochlear groove [PT-TG]), concluding that there was no difference and that they could be used interchangeably.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tibial tubercle and the osseous trochlear groove are uniform landmarks in numerous studies using CT [7,12,13,16,29], but better observation of soft tissues has led to variability in landmark selection in studies using MR images [2,3,14,20,30]. One study [20] compared MR and CT images for measurement of lateral offset using traditional osseous landmarks and a more functional soft tissue landmark (the distance from the center of the patellar tendon to the trochlear groove [PT-TG]), concluding that there was no difference and that they could be used interchangeably. The variability in the insertion of the patellar tendon relative to the anterior aspect of the tibial tubercle and the mismatch between the subchondral nadir of the femoral trochlea and its overlying cartilaginous nadir [22,24,25,28] suggest the use of osseous and soft tissue landmarks might not be interchangeable when measuring the lateral offset of the extensor mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An additional deficiency is defining the reliability of using MR images to measure this distance. Interobserver and intraobserver reliabilities and other measures of variability using CT images to measure the TT-TG distance have been defined [13,20,29]. Only one study has assessed interobserver reliability using MR images to measure the lateral offset (82%), but does not asses the intraobserver reliability of this measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Does Landmark Selection Affect the Reliability of Tibial Tubercle-Trochlear Groove Measurements Using MRI?

Wilcox

Snow²,

Aoki

et al. 2012

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background A lateralized tibial tubercle is one potential cause of patellar instability. The tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance using CT is a reliable measure and considered the gold standard. Using MRI for this purpose has increased, although the reliability of doing so is not well studied. Questions/purposes We sought to (1) determine variability in the insertion of the patellar tendon relative to the tibial tubercle and whether this affects the measurement on MRI of the traditional TT-TG distance versus the functional patellar tendon-trochlear groove (PT-TG) distance, (2) determine the reliability of measuring the osseous TT-TG distance, (3) determine the reliability of measuring the soft tissue PT-TG distance, and (4) compare the reliabilities of using osseous (TT-TG) versus soft tissue (PT-TG) landmarks. Methods Four observers measured the TT-TG and the PT-TG distances of 50 MR images of knees obtained for any reason. Each observer repeated these measurements 30 days later. The interobserver and intraobserver reliabilities, measurements per observer that varied from the group mean by greater than 2 mm, and the limit of agreement were calculated. Results The TT-TG and PT-TG differed by as little as 0.11 mm and by as much as 4.18 mm with an average difference of 1.37 mm. The interobserver and intraobserver reliabilities were greater than 90% for the PT-TG and TT-TG distances. The PT-TG distance was less variable in that this measurement showed interobserver and intraobserver reliabilities of 0.977 and 0.972 respectively, versus 0.913 and 0.961 for the TT-TG measurement. Additionally, the PT-TG measurements resulted in a lower average difference to the mean for each observer, less number of knees per observer where the difference to the mean was greater than 2 mm, and improved limit of agreement. Conclusions The TT-TG and the PT-TG distances were not identical and differed by as much as 4.18 mm; as such they are not interchangeable when measuring this distance.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Does Landmark Selection Affect the Reliability of Tibial Tubercle-Trochlear Groove Measurements Using MRI?

Wilcox

Snow²,

Aoki

et al. 2012

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Temporal changes in tibiofemoral relationship following anterior cruciate ligament injury: Implications for rotational dynamics and clinical outcomes

Okimura,

Suzuki,

Ikeda

et al. 2024

J. exp. orthop.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PurposeThis study aims to elucidate changes in the tibiofemoral relationship over time following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, and investigate the correlation between the tibiofemoral relationship and patient‐related outcome measures (PROMs).MethodsOverall, 203 primary ACL reconstructions were performed using autologous hamstring grafts. Medial and lateral anterior tibial translation (ATT) in the sagittal plane and tibial tubercle‐trochlear groove (TT‐TG) distance in the axial plane were measured using pre‐operative magnetic resonance imaging and post‐operative computed tomography. The difference between pre‐operative and post‐operative values for each parameter was calculated: ΔMesdial ATT, ΔLateral ATT and ΔTT‐TG distance. The correlation between each calculated value and the time elapsed since ACL injury, and the correlation between each calculated value and PROMs—evaluated using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)—were assessed.ResultsSixty‐four patients were enroled. Medial ATT, lateral ATT and TT‐TG distance were significantly different pre‐operatively compared to post‐operative values, with the tibia translating anteriorly and rotating internally relative to the femur. ΔMedial ATT, ΔLateral ATT and ΔTT‐TG distance were 1.6, 8.8 and −4.8 mm, respectively. A negative correlation was observed between the ΔTT‐TG distance and the time elapsed since the injury (r = −0.44, p < 0.01). No correlation was found between ΔMedial ATT and the time elapsed since the injury, nor between ΔLateral ATT and the time elapsed since the injury. Neither the ΔMedial ATT, ΔLateral ATT, nor ΔTT‐TG distance correlated with the pre‐operative or post‐operative KOOS subscale scores.ConclusionsThe tibia underwent internal rotation relative to the femur over time following ACL injury, highlighting the importance of assessing rotational changes in ACL‐injured knees.Level of EvidenceLevel Ⅲ.

show abstract

Patellofemoral joint geometry and osteoarthritis features 3–10 years after knee injury compared with uninjured knees

Macri

Whittaker

Toomey

et al. 2023

Journal Orthopaedic Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this cross‐sectional study, we compared patellofemoral geometry in individuals with a youth‐sport‐related intra‐articular knee injury to uninjured individuals, and the association between patellofemoral geometry and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐defined osteoarthritis (OA) features. In the Youth Prevention of Early OA (PrE‐OA) cohort, we assessed 10 patellofemoral geometry measures in individuals 3–10 years following injury compared with uninjured individuals of similar age, sex, and sport, using mixed effects linear regression. We also dichotomized geometry to identify extreme (>1.96 standard deviations) features and assessed likelihood of having extreme values using Poisson regression. Finally, we evaluated the associations between patellofemoral geometry with MRI‐defined OA features using restricted cubic spline regression. Mean patellofemoral geometry did not differ substantially between groups. However, compared with uninjured individuals, injured individuals were more likely to have extremely large sulcus angle (prevalence ratio [PR] 3.9 [95% confidence interval, CI: 2.3, 6.6]), and shallow lateral trochlear inclination (PR 4.3 (1.1, 17.9)) and trochlear depth (PR 5.3 (1.6, 17.4)). In both groups, high bisect offset (PR 1.7 [1.3, 2.1]) and sulcus angle (PR 4.0 [2.3, 7.0]) were associated with cartilage lesion, and most geometry measures were associated with at least one structural feature, especially cartilage lesions and osteophytes. We observed no interaction between geometry and injury. Certain patellofemoral geometry features are correlated with higher prevalence of structural lesions compared with injury alone, 3–10 years following knee injury. Hypotheses generated in this study, once further evaluated, could contribute to identifying higher‐risk individuals who may benefit from targeted treatment aimed at preventing posttraumatic OA.

show abstract

The tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove distance; a comparative study between CT and MRI scanning

Cited by 472 publications

References 8 publications

Does Landmark Selection Affect the Reliability of Tibial Tubercle-Trochlear Groove Measurements Using MRI?

Does Landmark Selection Affect the Reliability of Tibial Tubercle-Trochlear Groove Measurements Using MRI?

Temporal changes in tibiofemoral relationship following anterior cruciate ligament injury: Implications for rotational dynamics and clinical outcomes

Patellofemoral joint geometry and osteoarthritis features 3–10 years after knee injury compared with uninjured knees

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About