The time course of brain activations during response inhibition

Abstract

The cortical organization of executive control was investigated using event-related potentials (ERPs). ERPs were collected while subjects performed a go/no go task that required response inhibition. First, around 260 ms after stimulus onset, an effect of response inhibition on ERPs was observed over inferior prefrontal areas. Generators in these regions were confirmed by source analysis. Later, between 300-600 ms after stimulus onset, a left lateralized fronto-central ERP effect was found which differed in topography from a non-specific effect of task difficulty. Source analysis indicated that generators in anterior cingulate and left premotor areas also contributed to this effect. Orchestrated activation of prefrontal areas and the anterior cingulate subserves executive function whereas relatively late activity of the left premotor cortex is involved in motor control.

The interactive effects of physical fitness and acute aerobic exercise on electrophysiological coherence and cognitive performance in adolescents

“…Previous research has highlighted the importance of alpha modulation during inhibition tasks (Jokisch and Jensen 2007) and beta band power has been implicated in effortful attention (Klimesch 1999). the unfit group in the current study had the highest coherence levels in the NoGo trials of the resting condition suggesting that a combination of being unfit, not exercising, and performing a trial that required the inhibition of a response (Kiefer et al 1998) demanded the greatest allocation of cognitive resources. conversely, being fit, in the exercise condition, and performing a Go trail was associated with the lowest coherence level suggesting this was the least cognitively demanding combination.…”

Neurophysiological correlates of response inhibition predict relapse in detoxified alcoholic patients: some preliminary evidence from event-related potentials

“…The maximum peak amplitudes of the go and no-go N2 along with the go and no-go P3 components were recorded. The no-go N2 was defined as the greatest negative value within the 200–300 ms interval after stimulus onset, and was studied in a cluster of frontoparietocentral electrodes (FC1, FC2, Cz, CP1, CP2, and Pz) 48–50. The no-go P3 was defined as the greatest positive value within the 300–500 ms interval after stimulus onset, and was studied at the same cluster of electrodes 48–50.…”

Linking Brainwaves to the Brain: An ERP Primer

“…The amplitude of N2 was noted to increase when subjects had less time to respond (Jodo & Kayama, 1992). In some instances, the Go-No-go response has also been reported as a positive peak (Schiller, Bles, & Jansma, 2003; left mastoid reference), possibly due to large amplitude of the P300 in difficult tasks (Kiefer, Marzinsik, Weisbrod, Scherg, & Spitzer, 1998).…”