The timecourse of induction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA and protein in the rat hippocampus following voluntary exercise

Adlard, Paul A.; Perreau, Victoria M.; Engesser-Cesar, Christie; Cotman, Carl W.

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2004.03.058

Cited by 173 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…63 BDNF is also found in lower than normal levels in the AD brain. [64][65][66] Adlard et al 59 examined the effect of wheel running on BDNF levels in rat models, and observed a positive dose response between such physical activity and cerebral BDNF levels. Furthermore, in the presence of oestrogen, physical activity was able to increase levels of hippocampal BDNF mRNA in female rats.…”

Section: Exercise May Increase Levels Of Growth Factors and Neurotranmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple effects of physical activity on molecular and cognitive signs of brain aging: can exercise slow neurodegeneration and delay Alzheimer’s disease?

2012

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Western countries are experiencing aging populations and increased longevity; thus the incidence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in these countries is projected to soar.In the absence of a therapeutic drug, non-pharmacological preventative approaches are being investigated. One of these approaches is regular participation in physical activity or exercise.This paper reviews studies that have explored the relationship between physical activity and cognitive function, cognitive decline, AD/dementia risk and AD-associated biomarkers and processes. There is now strong evidence that links regular physical activity or exercise to higher cognitive function, decreased cognitive decline and reduced risk of AD or dementia.Nevertheless, these associations require further investigation, more specifically with interventional studies that include long follow-up periods. In particular, relatively little is known about the underlying mechanism(s) of the associations between physical activity and AD neuropathology; clearly this is an area in need of further research, particularly in human populations. While benefits of physical activity or exercise are clearly recognised, there is a need to clarify how much physical activity provides the greatest benefit and also whether people of different genotypes require tailored exercise regimes.3

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Section: Exercise May Increase Levels Of Growth Factors and Neurotranmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,11,59 Further research examining the effect of physical activity on these biomarkers is necessary in large human cohort studies. These biomarkers should be used as outcome variables along with cognitive measures in intervention trials to elucidate the efficacy of physical activity as an AD prevention strategy.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple effects of physical activity on molecular and cognitive signs of brain aging: can exercise slow neurodegeneration and delay Alzheimer’s disease?

2012

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“…In addition, antidepressant strategies which do not directly target the monoamine system, such as electroconvulsive shock therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, exercise and the novel a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor potentiators and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) antagonists, also increase mRNA or protein BDNF levels in the rat brain. 21,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] Although the mechanisms involved in BDNF upregulation remain unknown, SSRI and NARI antidepressants have been reported to increase hippocampal levels of cyclic AMP response binding protein (CREB) in the rat, a nuclear transcription factor known to regulate BDNF expression. 32 …”

Section: Preclinical Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Is it time to reassess the BDNF hypothesis of depression?

2007

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The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) hypothesis of depression postulates that a loss of BDNF is directly involved in the pathophysiology of depression, and that its restoration may underlie the therapeutic efficacy of antidepressant treatment. While this theory has received considerable experimental support, an increasing number of studies have generated evidence which is not only inconsistent, but also directly contradicts the hypothesis. This article provides a critical review of the clinical and preclinical studies which have been responsible for this controversy, outlining pharmacological, behavioural and genetic evidence which demonstrates the contrasting role of BDNF in regulating mood and antidepressant effects throughout the brain. I will also review key studies, both human and animal, which have investigated the association of a BDNF single-nucleotide polymorphism (Val66Met) with depression pathogenesis, and detail the number of inconsistencies which also afflict this novel area of BDNF research. The article will conclude by discussing why now is a critical time to reassess the original BDNF hypothesis of depression, and look towards the formation of new models that can provide a more valid account of the complex relationships between growth factors, mood disorders and their treatment.

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“…In addition to increasing levels of BDNF, exercise mobilizes gene expression profiles that would be predicted to benefit brain plasticity processes (Cotman and Berchtold 2002;Adlard et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain electrical activities of dancers and fast ball sports athletes are different

et al. 2014

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Exercise training has been shown not only to influence physical fitness positively but also cognition in healthy and impaired populations. However, some particular exercise types, even though comparable based on physical efforts, have distinct cognitive and sensorimotor features. In this study, the effects of different types of exercise, such as fast ball sports and dance training, on brain electrical activity were investigated. Electroencephalography (EEG) scans were recorded in professional dancer, professional fast ball sports athlete (FBSA) and healthy control volunteer groups consisting of twelve subjects each. In FBSA, power of delta and theta frequency activities of EEG was significantly higher than those of the dancers and the controls. Conversely, dancers had significantly higher amplitudes in alpha and beta bands compared to FBSA and significantly higher amplitudes in the alpha band in comparison with controls. The results suggest that cognitive features of physical training can be reflected in resting brain electrical oscillations. The differences in resting brain electrical oscillations between the dancers and the FBSA can be the result of innate network differences determining the talents and/or plastic changes induced by physical training.

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The timecourse of induction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA and protein in the rat hippocampus following voluntary exercise

Cited by 173 publications

References 23 publications

Multiple effects of physical activity on molecular and cognitive signs of brain aging: can exercise slow neurodegeneration and delay Alzheimer’s disease?

Multiple effects of physical activity on molecular and cognitive signs of brain aging: can exercise slow neurodegeneration and delay Alzheimer’s disease?

Is it time to reassess the BDNF hypothesis of depression?

Brain electrical activities of dancers and fast ball sports athletes are different

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