The Tomato Crop

Atherton, Jeff G.; Rudich, J.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-3137-4

Cited by 118 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 379 publications

(567 reference statements)

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“…The results suggest that the lack of enlarged ovules in fruits can be attributed to very early embryo abortion or a parthenocarpic induction. Ho and Hewit (1994) noted that hybrid embryo abortion occurred 2-4 weeks after pollination when S. lycopersicum was crossed with S. pimpinellifolium. Numerous parthenocarpic fruits may form as a result of the parthenocarpy process induced by the presence of foreign pollen grains on the stigma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous parthenocarpic fruits may form as a result of the parthenocarpy process induced by the presence of foreign pollen grains on the stigma. Stevens and Rick (1994) found that many parthenocarpic fruits were produced when tomatoes were crossed with S. pimpinellifolium. In our study, post-fertilization barriers in the cross between tomatoes and S. sisymbriifolium occurred in the early stages of embryogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of interspecific hybrids between Solanum lycopersicum L. and S. sisymbriifolium Lam. via embryo calli

et al. 2019

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Solanum sisymbriifolium, a wild relative of the S. lycopersicum species, has been found to be resistant to numerous pathogens which cause severe diseases in Solanaceae crops. It would be highly desirable for species strongly affected by diseases (e.g. tomato) to contain the resistant genes found in their wild relatives. Solanum sisymbriifolium has been considered of potential interest for S. melongena L. breeding, as the former is resistant to several pathogens and resistant interspecific hybrids have been obtained. Additionally, several reports indicate that S. sisymbriifolium is useful for tomato gynogenic haploid production. It is still not quite clear whether S. sisymbriifolium can be crossed with S. lycopersicum and the development of hybrid progeny is possible. In our preliminary in vivo crossing, S. lycopersicum 9 S. sisymbriifolium diploid embryos were formed inside fruits, but their development was inhibited at the globular stage. To obtain F1 hybrids the embryorescue method was implemented. Globular embryos isolated 14-35 dap were cultured on various media showing varied morphogenic potencies. Most of the embryos did not develop on the used media but calli formed from the embryogenic cells in [ 17% of the embryos, allowing hybrid plants to be obtained. Ten regenerants, which were adapted in pots containing soil, had morphological traits similar to the S. sisymbriifolium parent, including the plant habit, presence of prickles on shoots or white colour of flowers. The hybrid origin of the regenerants was confirmed by flow cytometry analysis of DNA content and KASP genotyping. The results indicated that S. lycopersicum can be hybridized with S. sisymbriifolium through interspecific hybridization to introduce novel traits for use in tomato-breeding programmes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of interspecific hybrids between Solanum lycopersicum L. and S. sisymbriifolium Lam. via embryo calli

et al. 2019

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“…Whereas domesticated tomato cultivars contain roughly 15 mg/100 g FW, wild varieties S. pimpinellifolium and S. pennellii contain around 40 mg/100 g FW (Lima-Silva et al, 2012) and up to 70 mg/100 g FW (Stevens et al, 2007), respectively. In fact, back-crosses with S. peruvianum , another wild species (Atherton and Rudich, 1986), have been shown to contain the highest amount of ascorbate in Solanum species, around 50 mg/100 g FW (Top et al, 2014). These wild tomato species grow naturally in Peru and Mexico, in coastal areas and river valleys less than 1000 m above sea level with abundant rainfalls.…”

Section: Biosynthesis and Metabolism Of Ascorbate In Fruitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These two countries lie within the tropics of Capricorn and Cancer, respectively, with high irradiance and warm temperatures that may have favored the selection of individuals with high ascorbate content over time. Current evidence suggests that domestication of wild tomatoes by cross-breeding different species of Solanum started in these two countries (Esquinas-Alcazar, 1981) likely driven by the selection of higher fruit size and resistance to diseases like Fusarium wilt (Atherton and Rudich, 1986). However, the most important advances in tomato breeding have taken place during the last 200 years in Europe, mainly in France, Italy and England, with a strong participation of the United States since the early 1920s (Atherton and Rudich, 1986).…”

Section: Biosynthesis and Metabolism Of Ascorbate In Fruitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin C Content in Fruits: Biosynthesis and Regulation

et al. 2019

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Throughout evolution, a number of animals including humans have lost the ability to synthesize ascorbic acid (ascorbate, vitamin C), an essential molecule in the physiology of animals and plants. In addition to its main role as an antioxidant and cofactor in redox reactions, recent reports have shown an important role of ascorbate in the activation of epigenetic mechanisms controlling cell differentiation, dysregulation of which can lead to the development of certain types of cancer. Although fruits and vegetables constitute the main source of ascorbate in the human diet, rising its content has not been a major breeding goal, despite the large inter- and intraspecific variation in ascorbate content in fruit crops. Nowadays, there is an increasing interest to boost ascorbate content, not only to improve fruit quality but also to generate crops with elevated stress tolerance. Several attempts to increase ascorbate in fruits have achieved fairly good results but, in some cases, detrimental effects in fruit development also occur, likely due to the interaction between the biosynthesis of ascorbate and components of the cell wall. Plants synthesize ascorbate de novo mainly through the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway, the dominant pathway in photosynthetic tissues. Two intermediates of the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway, GDP-D-mannose and GDP-L-galactose, are also precursors of the non-cellulosic components of the plant cell wall. Therefore, a better understanding of ascorbate biosynthesis and regulation is essential for generation of improved fruits without developmental side effects. This is likely to involve a yet unknown tight regulation enabling plant growth and development, without impairing the cell redox state modulated by ascorbate pool. In certain fruits and developmental conditions, an alternative pathway from D-galacturonate might be also relevant. We here review the regulation of ascorbate synthesis, its close connection with the cell wall, as well as different strategies to increase its content in plants, with a special focus on fruits.

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“…7b) was imposed, based on experimental data, the model predicted the need for transitory carbohydrate storage (Fig. 7c), a well-documented behaviour of tomato fruits (Ho and Hewitt, 1986;Gillaspy et al, 1993). When phloem uptake rate limits were removed from the model there was no accumulation of starch (Figure 7d), suggesting that the accumulation of starch was associated with the phloem influx limits and metabolic demand.…”

Section: A Transitory Carbohydrate Store Is Required When Phloem Nutrmentioning

confidence: 87%

Predicting metabolism during growth by osmotic cell expansion

Shameer

Vallarino

Fernie

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Cell expansion is a significant contributor to organ growth and is driven by the accumulation of osmolytes to increase cell turgor pressure. Metabolic modelling has the potential to provide insights into the processes that underpin osmolyte synthesis and transport, but the main computational approach for predicting metabolic network fluxes, flux balance analysis (FBA), typically uses biomass composition as the main output constraint and ignores potential changes in cell volume. Here we present GrOE-FBA (Growth by Osmotic Expansion-Flux Balance Analysis), a framework that accounts for both the metabolic and ionic contributions to the osmotica that drive cell expansion, as well as the synthesis of protein, cell wall and cell membrane components required for cell enlargement. Using GrOE-FBA, the metabolic fluxes in dividing and expanding cell were analyzed, and the energetic costs for metabolite biosynthesis and accumulation in the two scenarios were found to be surprisingly similar. The expansion phase of tomato fruit growth was also modelled using a multi-phase single optimization GrOE-FBA model and this approach gave accurate predictions of the major metabolite levels throughout fruit development as well as revealing a role for transitory starch accumulation in ensuring optimal fruit development.

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The Tomato Crop

Cited by 118 publications

References 379 publications

Development of interspecific hybrids between Solanum lycopersicum L. and S. sisymbriifolium Lam. via embryo calli

Development of interspecific hybrids between Solanum lycopersicum L. and S. sisymbriifolium Lam. via embryo calli

Vitamin C Content in Fruits: Biosynthesis and Regulation

Predicting metabolism during growth by osmotic cell expansion

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