The Topographic Design of River Channels for Form-Process Linkages

Brown, Rocko A.; Pasternack, G. B.; Lin, Tin

doi:10.1007/s00267-015-0648-0

Cited by 34 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Conversely, natural topographic variability could provide the opportunity to reduce the streambed area subjected to high τ* with increasing flows, which in turn ensures a more natural rate of bed entrainment. Strom et al () reported that channel form heterogeneity directs flow such that varying topographic surfaces turn on and off in their control of hydraulics to allow diverse patterns of hydraulic conditions as flow increases (Brown & Pasternack, ; Brown, Pasternack, & Lin, ). This is also consistent with studies recognizing that dynamic channels provide a greater opportunity for more natural rates of bed particle transport, erosion, and deposition (Anim, Vietz, et al, ; Clarke, Bruce‐Burgess, & Wharton, ; Vaughan et al, ; Vietz et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoring in‐stream habitat in urban catchments: Modify flow or the channel?

et al. 2018

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Urban streams have almost universally altered physical habitat conditions due to excess stormwater run‐off. This includes changes to in‐channel hydraulics and channel morphology. Restoration of in‐channel habitat has two main levers: address the hydrology or channel morphology. Both variables impact in‐stream habitat, but understanding the relative role of hydrologic and morphologic change remains a challenge. This study uses two‐dimensional hydraulic modelling to examine the relative roles of flow and channel morphology in setting hydraulic conditions. We investigated four test scenarios involving the combinations of urban versus natural hydrology and urban versus natural channel morphology. The analysis investigated three ecologically relevant hydraulics characteristics: bed mobilization, retentive habitat, and floodplain inundation, using Shields stress, shallow slow‐water habitat (SSWH) area, and floodplain inundation area hydraulic metrics, respectively. The results indicate substantial differences in hydraulic conditions between the two reaches. The urban reach showed increased bed mobility potential and SSWH availability plummeted as flow increased, whereas the natural channel showed a relatively stable bed with substantially more SSWH at most flows. Floodplain inundation frequency was low in the urban channel with decreased duration. Scenarios examined suggest that hydraulic conditions are highly sensitive to channel morphology relative to flow regime. This suggests that once channel form has been degraded, mitigating urbanization impacts on flow regime cannot maintain “natural” channel hydraulics. Management approaches therefore must protect channel morphology from change. Where the channel has already been fundamentally altered, opportunities for channel morphology rehabilitation need to be considered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoring in‐stream habitat in urban catchments: Modify flow or the channel?

et al. 2018

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“…Study results support emerging scientific understanding that many river ecosystem functions are controlled by subreach‐scale topographic variability (Brown & Pasternack, ; Murray, Thoms, & Rayburg, ; Thompson, ; White et al, ) by quantifying the occurrence of distinct ecosystem functions in reaches of high versus low topographic variability. Specifically, results emphasize that it is not enough to just obtain random topographic variability or any arbitrary coherent permutation of variability but rather the pattern of organized variability must meet the requirements of the appropriate GCS and dominant geomorphic processes for that channel archetype (Brown et al, ; Brown & Pasternack, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated analysis of flow, form, and function for river management and design testing

2018

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“…Our findings suggest that stream hydraulic condition metrics can be assessed by stream managers in their efforts to understand the mechanisms driving urban stream degradation. They may be used to simulate and evaluate geomorphically and ecologically important flow patterns within urban streams, to guide targeted restoration efforts both at the catchment scale and within the channel (Brown et al, ; Pasternack & Brown, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2D maps of Shields stress, SSWH, and floodplain inundation were generated to assess patch behaviour and evaluate the extent of any longitudinal changes. Changes as a function of discharge can be expansion, contraction, shifting, and emergence from non‐existence (Brown, Pasternack, & Lin, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of urbanization on stream hydraulics

Anim

Fletcher

Vietz

et al. 2018

River Research & Apps

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Urbanization results in major changes to stream morphology and hydrology with the latter often cited as a primary stressor of urban stream ecosystems. These modifications unequivocally alter stream hydraulics, but little is known about such impacts.Hydraulic changes due to urbanization were demonstrated using two-dimensional hydrodynamic model simulations, comparing urban and non-urban stream reaches.We investigated three ecologically relevant hydraulic characteristics: bed mobilization, retentive habitat, and floodplain inundation, using hydraulic metrics bed shear stress, shallow slow-water habitat (SSWH) area, and floodplain inundation area. We hypoth-

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The Topographic Design of River Channels for Form-Process Linkages

Cited by 34 publications

References 56 publications

Restoring in‐stream habitat in urban catchments: Modify flow or the channel?

Restoring in‐stream habitat in urban catchments: Modify flow or the channel?

Integrated analysis of flow, form, and function for river management and design testing

Effect of urbanization on stream hydraulics

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