The topology of evolutionary novelty and innovation in macroevolution

Erwin, Douglas H.

doi:10.1098/rstb.2016.0422

Cited by 35 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…The study of evolutionary novelties is an important research program in macroevolution (e.g. Wagner & Lynch ; Erwin ) and the ability to account for the origination of novel morphological features (e.g. via a presence/absence coding scheme) is thus central to disparity.…”

Section: Discrete Character Data and Phylogenetic Data Matricesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use and misuse of discrete character data for morphospace and disparity analyses

Gerber

2018

Palaeontology

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The measurement of morphological variation in macroevolutionary studies is increasingly based on morphospaces constructed from discrete character data. This trend mostly results from the appropriation of phylogenetic data matrices as character spaces for carrying out disparity analyses. Phylogenetic matrices provide morphological descriptions of taxa as combinations of character states and thus appear, if not conceptually, at least mathematically, comparable to discrete character datasets found in numerical taxonomy or built for disparity purposes. Hence, phylogenetic matrices seem to constitute an abundant source of data readily available for morphospace analyses. Discrete character spaces have generally been described as more flexible than morphospaces capturing continuous shape variation. The discrete coding of morphology allows morphospaces to accommodate more disparate morphologies and the ability of discrete character schemes to handle missing data is also often emphasized. This flexibility comes at a cost, however. Multivariate ordinations of such spaces often provide deceptive visualizations and may invite the use of inappropriate methodologies for their exploration. The large amount of missing data that typifies many phylogenetic datasets is also problematic for the measurement of dissimilarity among taxa and can therefore be detrimental to the assessment of morphological disparity. Here, the properties of discrete character spaces are described and common pitfalls discussed. Graphical and methodological approaches are suggested to circumvent or limit their impact, and greater caution is recommended when using discrete character data for morphospace and disparity inferences.

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Section: Discrete Character Data and Phylogenetic Data Matricesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use and misuse of discrete character data for morphospace and disparity analyses

Gerber

2018

Palaeontology

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“…Indeed, there is evidence that some innovations in culture/technology stem from serendipitous events [101,102]. In biology, novelties are similarly difficult if not impossible to predict [103,104]. -Innovations and population growth are expected to be mutually reinforcing.…”

Section: (A) Searching For and Discovering Innovationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovation: an emerging focus from cells to societies

Hochberg

Marquet

Boyd

et al. 2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Innovations are generally unexpected, often spectacular changes in phenotypes and ecological functions. The contributions to this theme issue are the latest conceptual, theoretical and experimental developments, addressing how ecology, environment, ontogeny and evolution are central to understanding the complexity of the processes underlying innovations. Here, we set the stage by introducing and defining key terms relating to innovation and discuss their relevance to biological, cultural and technological change. Discovering how the generation and transmission of novel biological information, environmental interactions and selective evolutionary processes contribute to innovation as an ecosystem will shed light on how the dominant features across life come to be, generalize to social, cultural and technological evolution, and have applications in the health sciences and sustainability. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Process and pattern in innovations from cells to societies’.

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“…Novel traits are thus important drivers of speciation and adaptive radiations that promote biodiversity and ecological complexity. Indeed, many of the major transitions in evolution have been mediated by novel traits such as photosynthesis, multicellularity, endoskeletons, sociality, and cognition (Maynard Smith and Szathmary 1997, Lundgren et al 2015, Erwin 2017.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic and phenotypic evolution ofEscherichia coliin a novel citrate-only resource environment

Blount

Maddamsetti

Grant

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Evolutionary innovations allow populations to colonize new, previously inaccessible ecological niches. We previously reported that aerobic growth on citrate (Cit + ) evolved in a population of Escherichia coli during adaptation to a minimal glucose medium containing citrate (DM25). Cit + can grow in citrate-only medium (DM0), which is a novel environment for E. coli. To study adaptation to this new niche, we evolved one set of Cit + populations for 2,500 generations in DM0 and a control set in DM25. We identified numerous parallel mutations, many mediated by transposable elements. Several lineages evolved multi-copy amplifications containing the maeA gene, constituting up to ~15% of the genome. We also found substantial cell death in ancestral and evolved clones. Our results demonstrate the importance of copy-number variation and transposable elements in the refinement of the Cit + trait. However, the observed mortality suggests a persistent evolutionary mismatch between E. coli physiology and a citrate-only environment.

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The topology of evolutionary novelty and innovation in macroevolution

Cited by 35 publications

References 86 publications

Use and misuse of discrete character data for morphospace and disparity analyses

Use and misuse of discrete character data for morphospace and disparity analyses

Innovation: an emerging focus from cells to societies

Genomic and phenotypic evolution ofEscherichia coliin a novel citrate-only resource environment

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